महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-122, verse-40

शिष्या इति ददौ राजन्द्रोणाय विधिपूर्वकम् ।
स च शिष्यान्महेष्वासः प्रतिजग्राह कौरवान् ॥४०॥

40. śiṣyā iti dadau rājandroṇāya vidhipūrvakam ,
sa ca śiṣyānmaheṣvāsaḥ pratijagrāha kauravān.

40. śiṣyāḥ iti dadau rājan droṇāya vidhipūrvakam
saḥ ca śiṣyān maheṣvāsaḥ pratijagrāha kauravān

40. O king, taking all those grandsons and various riches, he formally presented them to Drona as his disciples. And that great archer (maheṣvāsa) Drona accepted the Kauravas as his disciples.

Words meanings summery:

• शिष्याः (śiṣyāḥ) - disciples, students

• इति (iti) - introducing the role or description 'as disciples' (thus, so, as)

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, presented

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• द्रोणाय (droṇāya) - to Drona

• विधिपूर्वकम् (vidhipūrvakam) - formally, according to rules, properly

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• च (ca) - and, also

• शिष्यान् (śiṣyān) - disciples, students

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - referring to Drona (great archer, one with a great bow)

• प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - received, accepted

• कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

Words meanings and morphology

शिष्याः (śiṣyāḥ) - disciples, students

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student

Gerundive

From root śiṣ (to teach)

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

इति (iti) - introducing the role or description 'as disciples' (thus, so, as)

(indeclinable)

ददौ (dadau) - gave, presented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

द्रोणाय (droṇāya) - to Drona

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a warrior and teacher), bucket, measure

विधिपूर्वकम् (vidhipūrvakam) - formally, according to rules, properly

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from compound

Compound type : avyayibhāva (vidhi+pūrvakam)

• vidhi – rule, regulation, ritual, method, fate
  noun (masculine)
• pūrvakam – preceded by, with, formally (as adverbial suffix)
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Adverbial suffix from pūrva

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शिष्यान् (śiṣyān) - disciples, students

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student

Gerundive

From root śiṣ (to teach)

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - referring to Drona (great archer, one with a great bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  form of mahat in compounds
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  from iṣu (arrow) + āsa (sitting/being)

प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - received, accepted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prati-grah

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava