महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-110, verse-41

श्रुत्वा च तेभ्यस्तत्सर्वं यथावृत्तं महावने ।
धृतराष्ट्रो नरश्रेष्ठः पाण्डुमेवान्वशोचत ॥४१॥

41. śrutvā ca tebhyastatsarvaṁ yathāvṛttaṁ mahāvane ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro naraśreṣṭhaḥ pāṇḍumevānvaśocata.

41. śrutvā ca tebhyaḥ tat sarvam yathāvṛttam mahā-vane
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ nara-śreṣṭhaḥ pāṇḍum eva anvaśocata

41. And after hearing from them everything that had transpired in the great forest, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the foremost among men, indeed mourned for Pāṇḍu.

41. וכששמע דְהְרְטַרָאשְׁטְרַה, הגדול שבבני האדם, מהם את כל מה שהתרחש ביער הגדול, הוא התאבל רק על פָּאנְדוּ.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them, to them

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, all

• यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it occurred, as it happened, the full account

• महा-वने (mahā-vane) - in the great forest

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king)

• नर-श्रेष्ठः (nara-śreṣṭhaḥ) - best among men, chief of men

• पाण्डुम् (pāṇḍum) - Pāṇḍu (accusative)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अन्वशोचत (anvaśocata) - he grieved for, he lamented

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root 'śru'.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them, to them

(pronoun)

masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, all

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it occurred, as it happened, the full account

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound: yathā (as) + vṛtta (happened). Used adverbially or as a noun.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, according to, in such a manner as
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, past, conduct, event
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

महा-वने (mahā-vane) - in the great forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāvana

mahāvana - great forest, large wood

Karmadhāraya compound: mahat (great) + vana (forest).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+vana)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
  Stem form of mahā (great).
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king of Hastināpura, father of the Kauravas)

Compound: dhṛta (held) + rāṣṭra (kingdom). One who has held the kingdom.

नर-श्रेष्ठः (nara-śreṣṭhaḥ) - best among men, chief of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best among men, chief of men, excellent man

Tatpuruṣa compound: nara (man) + śreṣṭha (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).
  Root: praśas

पाण्डुम् (pāṇḍum) - Pāṇḍu (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas), pale, yellowish-white

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अन्वशोचत (anvaśocata) - he grieved for, he lamented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anuśuc

Imperfect tense, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Derived from root 'śuc' with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

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