महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-110, verse-16

याः काश्चिज्जीवता शक्याः कर्तुमभ्युदयक्रियाः ।
ताः सर्वाः समतिक्रम्य निमेषादिष्ववस्थितः ॥१६॥

16. yāḥ kāścijjīvatā śakyāḥ kartumabhyudayakriyāḥ ,
tāḥ sarvāḥ samatikramya nimeṣādiṣvavasthitaḥ.

16. yāḥ kāścit jīvatā śakyāḥ kartum abhyudayakriyāḥ
tāḥ sarvāḥ samatikramya nimeṣa ādiṣu avasthitaḥ

16. Whatever actions (kriyāḥ) for worldly advancement (abhyudaya) are possible (śakyāḥ) for a living being (jīvatā) to perform (kartum), he, having completely forsaken (samatikramya) all (sarvāḥ) those (tāḥ), remains established (avasthitaḥ) in the smallest divisions of time (nimeṣādiṣu).

Words meanings summery:

• याः (yāḥ) - which, whatever

• काश्चित् (kāścit) - any, some, certain

• जीवता (jīvatā) - by a living being, by one who lives

• शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - capable, possible, able to be done

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

• अभ्युदयक्रियाः (abhyudayakriyāḥ) - actions leading to prosperity/welfare

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• समतिक्रम्य (samatikramya) - having completely transcended/surpassed/forsaken

• निमेष (nimeṣa) - twinkling of an eye, moment

• आदिषु (ādiṣu) - in moments and similar (small divisions of time) (and so on, beginning with, among others)

• अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - established, situated, abiding, standing

Words meanings and morphology

याः (yāḥ) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

काश्चित् (kāścit) - any, some, certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kiṃcit

ka - who, which, what

With 'cit' forms an indefinite pronoun.

Note: Indefinite pronoun, agreeing with 'kriyāḥ'.

जीवता (jīvatā) - by a living being, by one who lives

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, a living being

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'śakyāḥ kartum'.

शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - capable, possible, able to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able to be done, practicable

Gerundive

Derived from root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kriyāḥ'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: 'śakyāḥ kartum' = 'possible to do'.

अभ्युदयक्रियाः (abhyudayakriyāḥ) - actions leading to prosperity/welfare

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of abhyudayakriyā

abhyudayakriyā - actions for prosperity, auspicious actions, ritual actions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhyudaya+kriyā)

• abhyudaya – rise, prosperity, welfare, success
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from abhi + ud + i (to go).
  Prefixes: abhi+ud
  Root: i (class 2)
• kriyā – action, deed, activity, rite
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yāḥ'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Modifies 'tāḥ' and 'kriyāḥ'.

समतिक्रम्य (samatikramya) - having completely transcended/surpassed/forsaken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root kram (to step, go) with prefixes sam (completely, together) and ati (beyond, over).

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

निमेष (nimeṣa) - twinkling of an eye, moment

(noun)

masculine, singular of nimeṣa

nimeṣa - twinkling of an eye, moment, wink

Derived from root miṣ (to wink) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: miṣ (class 6)

Note: Part of the compound 'nimeṣādiṣu'.

आदिषु (ādiṣu) - in moments and similar (small divisions of time) (and so on, beginning with, among others)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ādi

ādi - beginning, first, chief, and so on, etc.

Note: 'nimeṣādiṣu' forms a tatpuruṣa compound 'in moments etc.'.

अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - established, situated, abiding, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - established, situated, abiding, standing, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand, be) with prefix ava (down, off, away from).

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the renunciant.