महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-110, verse-22

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा सुदुःखार्तो निःश्वासपरमो नृपः ।
अवेक्षमाणः कुन्तीं च माद्रीं च समभाषत ॥२२॥

22. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā suduḥkhārto niḥśvāsaparamo nṛpaḥ ,
avekṣamāṇaḥ kuntīṁ ca mādrīṁ ca samabhāṣata.

22. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam uktvā suduḥkhārtaḥ niḥśvāsaparamaḥ
nṛpaḥ avekṣamāṇaḥ kuntīm ca mādrīm ca samabhāṣata

22. Vaiśampāyana said: Having thus spoken, the king, deeply distressed and sighing heavily, looked at Kunti and Madri and addressed them.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• सुदुह्खार्तः (suduhkhārtaḥ) - greatly afflicted by sorrow

• निःश्वासपरमः (niḥśvāsaparamaḥ) - sighing deeply, having deep sighs as foremost

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

• अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, observing

• कुन्तीम् (kuntīm) - Kunti

• च (ca) - and

• माद्रीम् (mādrīm) - Madri

• च (ca) - and

• समभाषत (samabhāṣata) - addressed, spoke to

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

gerund

Absolutive (gerund) from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac

सुदुह्खार्तः (suduhkhārtaḥ) - greatly afflicted by sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduhkhārta

suduhkhārta - greatly afflicted by sorrow, very distressed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkha+ārta)

• su – good, well, very, greatly (intensifier)
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root ṛ (to go, to suffer)
  Root: ṛ

निःश्वासपरमः (niḥśvāsaparamaḥ) - sighing deeply, having deep sighs as foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvāsaparama

niḥśvāsaparama - foremost in sighs, sighing deeply

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niḥśvāsa+parama)

• niḥśvāsa – sigh, exhalation
  noun (masculine)
• parama – highest, supreme, foremost, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avekṣamāṇa

avekṣamāṇa - looking at, observing, seeing

present active participle (middle voice)

Present active participle (middle voice) from root īkṣ with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

कुन्तीम् (kuntīm) - Kunti

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Kunti (proper name, mother of Pandavas)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

माद्रीम् (mādrīm) - Madri

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mādrī

mādrī - Madri (proper name, second wife of Pandu)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

समभाषत (samabhāṣata) - addressed, spoke to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

Prefix: sam

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)