महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-110, verse-12

एककालं चरन्भैक्षं कुलानि द्वे च पञ्च च ।
असंभवे वा भैक्षस्य चरन्ननशनान्यपि ॥१२॥

12. ekakālaṁ caranbhaikṣaṁ kulāni dve ca pañca ca ,
asaṁbhave vā bhaikṣasya carannanaśanānyapi.

12. ekakālam caran bhaikṣam kulāni dve ca pañca ca
asaṃbhave vā bhaikṣasya caran anaśanāni api

12. Wandering for alms (bhaikṣam) once a day, to two or five families (kulāni); or, in the absence (asaṃbhave) of alms, observing fasts (anaśanāni).

Words meanings summery:

• एककालम् (ekakālam) - once, at one time

• चरन् (caran) - wandering, moving, practicing, performing

• भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms, food obtained by begging

• कुलानि (kulāni) - families, households, clans

• द्वे (dve) - two

• च (ca) - and

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• च (ca) - and

• असंभवे (asaṁbhave) - in the absence, in the non-occurrence, if not possible

• वा (vā) - or

• भैक्षस्य (bhaikṣasya) - of alms

• चरन् (caran) - performing, observing

• अनशनानि (anaśanāni) - fasts, abstinence from food

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

एककालम् (ekakālam) - once, at one time

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+kāla)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral/adjective
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially.

चरन् (caran) - wandering, moving, practicing, performing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of carat

carat - moving, wandering, practicing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root car (to move, wander, practice)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to the subject, likely a mendicant.

भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms, food obtained by begging

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaikṣa

bhaikṣa - alms, mendicancy, begging

Root: bhikṣ

Note: Object of 'caran'.

कुलानि (kulāni) - families, households, clans

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kula

kula - family, household, lineage, clan

Note: Object of 'caran'.

द्वे (dve) - two

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'kulāni'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'kulāni'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

असंभवे (asaṁbhave) - in the absence, in the non-occurrence, if not possible

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of asaṃbhava

asaṁbhava - non-occurrence, impossibility, absence

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃbhava)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• saṃbhava – occurrence, possibility, origin, existence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from sam + bhū + a (Ghañ suffix)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Conditional locative: 'if there is non-occurrence'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

भैक्षस्य (bhaikṣasya) - of alms

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bhaikṣa

bhaikṣa - alms, mendicancy, begging

Root: bhikṣ

Note: Genitive with 'asaṃbhave' meaning 'absence of alms'.

चरन् (caran) - performing, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of carat

carat - moving, wandering, practicing, performing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root car (to move, wander, practice)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to the subject, likely a mendicant.

अनशनानि (anaśanāni) - fasts, abstinence from food

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anaśana

anaśana - not eating, fasting, abstinence from food

Derived from an (negative) + aśana (eating).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+aśana)

• an – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root aś (to eat).
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Object of 'caran'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'anaśanāni'.