महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-110, verse-13

अल्पमल्पं यथाभोज्यं पूर्वलाभेन जातु चित् ।
नित्यं नातिचरँल्लाभे अलाभे सप्त पूरयन् ॥१३॥

13. alpamalpaṁ yathābhojyaṁ pūrvalābhena jātu cit ,
nityaṁ nāticaraँllābhe alābhe sapta pūrayan.

13. alpam alpam yathābhojyam pūrvalābhena jātu cit
nityam na aticaran lābhe alābhe sapta pūrayan

13. Always taking very little food (yathābhojyam) from previous gains (pūrvalābhena), never exceeding (aticaran) the customary amount received; and in the absence of gain (alābhe), fulfilling (pūrayan) the seven (allotted rounds/portions).

Words meanings summery:

• अल्पम् (alpam) - little, small, few

• अल्पम् (alpam) - little, small, few

• यथाभोज्यम् (yathābhojyam) - as much food as can be eaten, edible, what is to be eaten

• पूर्वलाभेन (pūrvalābhena) - by means of previous gains, from previously acquired food

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, certainly

• चित् (cit) - even, any, at all

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• न (na) - not, no

• अतिचरन् (aticaran) - transgressing, exceeding, violating

• लाभे (lābhe) - in gain, in acquisition, when gain is made

• अलाभे (alābhe) - in non-gain, in the absence of acquisition

• सप्त (sapta) - seven rounds/portions (of alms) (seven)

• पूरयन् (pūrayan) - filling, completing, fulfilling

Words meanings and morphology

अल्पम् (alpam) - little, small, few

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few, insignificant

Note: Used adverbially, repeated for emphasis 'very little'.

अल्पम् (alpam) - little, small, few

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few, insignificant

Note: Used adverbially, repeated for emphasis 'very little'.

यथाभोज्यम् (yathābhojyam) - as much food as can be eaten, edible, what is to be eaten

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yathābhojya

yathābhojya - according to what is to be eaten, suitable for eating, edible

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+bhojya)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• bhojya – to be eaten, fit to be eaten, food
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with suffix ya.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Object of implied eating.

पूर्वलाभेन (pūrvalābhena) - by means of previous gains, from previously acquired food

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pūrvalābha

pūrvalābha - previous gain, former acquisition

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+lābha)

• pūrva – former, previous, earlier
  adjective (masculine)
• lābha – gain, acquisition, profit
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Describes the source of food.

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, certainly

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - even, any, at all

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अतिचरन् (aticaran) - transgressing, exceeding, violating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aticarat

aticarat - transgressing, exceeding, passing over

Present Active Participle

Derived from root car (to move, go) with prefix ati (beyond, over).

Prefix: ati

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to the mendicant.

लाभे (lābhe) - in gain, in acquisition, when gain is made

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of lābha

lābha - gain, acquisition, profit

Derived from root labh (to obtain).

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Conditional locative.

अलाभे (alābhe) - in non-gain, in the absence of acquisition

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of alābha

alābha - non-acquisition, lack of gain

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+lābha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• lābha – gain, acquisition, profit
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Conditional locative: 'when there is no gain'.

सप्त (sapta) - seven rounds/portions (of alms) (seven)

(numeral)

Note: Functions as the object of 'pūrayan', implying seven rounds, portions, or houses.

पूरयन् (pūrayan) - filling, completing, fulfilling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrayat

pūrayat - filling, completing, fulfilling, causing to fill

Present Active Participle (causative)

Derived from causative of root pṛ (to fill, complete).

Root: pṛ (class 10)

Note: Refers to the mendicant.