महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-110, verse-31

अग्निं जुह्वन्नुभौ कालावुभौ कालावुपस्पृशन् ।
कृशः परिमिताहारश्चीरचर्मजटाधरः ॥३१॥

31. agniṁ juhvannubhau kālāvubhau kālāvupaspṛśan ,
kṛśaḥ parimitāhāraścīracarmajaṭādharaḥ.

31. agnim juhvan ubhau kālau ubhau kālau upaspṛśan
kṛśaḥ parimitāhāraḥ cīracarmajaṭādharaḥ

31. At both times (morning and evening), I shall offer oblations to the fire and purify myself, becoming emaciated, eating sparingly, and wearing bark clothes and animal skins with matted hair.

31. אקריב לאש בשני זמני היום ואטבול בשניהם, אהיה כחוש ואאכל מידה מדודה, ואלבש בגדי בד, עור וקווצות שיער סבוכות.

Words meanings summery:

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire for oblations (fire, sacred fire, god of fire)

• जुह्वन् (juhvan) - offering oblations, sacrificing

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (times) (both)

• कालौ (kālau) - morning and evening times (for rituals) (times, periods)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (times) (both)

• कालौ (kālau) - morning and evening times (for ritual bathing) (times, periods)

• उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - touching, bathing, purifying oneself

• कृशः (kṛśaḥ) - emaciated, thin, weak

• परिमिताहारः (parimitāhāraḥ) - eating sparingly, having limited food

• चीरचर्मजटाधरः (cīracarmajaṭādharaḥ) - wearing bark garments and animal skins, with matted hair

Words meanings and morphology

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire for oblations (fire, sacred fire, god of fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacred fire, god of fire

जुह्वन् (juhvan) - offering oblations, sacrificing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of juhvat

hu - to offer an oblation, to sacrifice

Present Active Participle

From root √hu (to offer)

Root: hu (class 3)

उभौ (ubhau) - both (times) (both)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

कालौ (kālau) - morning and evening times (for rituals) (times, periods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāla

kāla - time, period, proper time

उभौ (ubhau) - both (times) (both)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

कालौ (kālau) - morning and evening times (for ritual bathing) (times, periods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāla

kāla - time, period, proper time

उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - touching, bathing, purifying oneself

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upaspṛśat

spṛś - to touch, to reach, to bathe

Present Active Participle

From root √spṛś (to touch) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

कृशः (kṛśaḥ) - emaciated, thin, weak

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - emaciated, thin, lean, weak

परिमिताहारः (parimitāhāraḥ) - eating sparingly, having limited food

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parimitāhāra

parimitāhāra - having limited food, eating sparingly

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parimita+āhāra)

• parimita – limited, measured, scanty
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √mā (to measure) with prefix pari-
  Prefix: pari
  Root: mā (class 3)
• āhāra – food, diet, eating
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

चीरचर्मजटाधरः (cīracarmajaṭādharaḥ) - wearing bark garments and animal skins, with matted hair

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cīracarmajaṭādhara

cīracarmajaṭādhara - wearing bark garments and animal skins, with matted hair (lit. 'bearing bark clothes, skins, and matted hair')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cīra+carma+jaṭā+dhara)

• cīra – bark garment, ragged cloth
  noun (neuter)
• carma – skin, hide, leather
  noun (neuter)
• jaṭā – matted hair, tangled hair
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearer, wearer, holder
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √dhṛ (to bear, wear, hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

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