योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-108, verse-39

नतोन्नतानि कुर्वन्तः स्पन्देनोर्वीनतोन्नतैः ।
हेषन्ते हयसंघाता वातस्पन्दमहाब्धिवत् ॥ ३९ ॥

natonnatāni kurvantaḥ spandenorvīnatonnataiḥ ,
heṣante hayasaṃghātā vātaspandamahābdhivat 39

39. nata-unnatāni kurvantaḥ spandena urvīm nata-unnataiḥ
heṣante haya-saṃghātā vāta-spanda-mahābdhivāt

39. haya-saṃghātā spandena urvīm nata-unnatāni
nata-unnataiḥ kurvantaḥ vāta-spanda-mahābdhivāt heṣante

39. Making the earth uneven with their movements, the throngs of horses neigh, like the great ocean agitated by wind.

39. עדרים של סוסים צונהלים ומרעידים את האדמה הבלתי ישרה ברקיעותיהם, כמו אוקיינוס אדיר הנרגש ברוח.

Words meanings summery:

• नत-उन्नतानि (nata-unnatāni) - uneven (ground) (low and high, uneven)

• कुर्वन्तः (kurvantaḥ) - causing (the earth to be uneven) (making, doing, causing)

• स्पन्देन (spandena) - by their movement (of the horses) (by shaking, by trembling, by movement)

• उर्वीम् (urvīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

• नत-उन्नतैः (nata-unnataiḥ) - by their rising and falling (movements), by the unevenness (they create) (by the low and high, by the uneven)

• हेषन्ते (heṣante) - they neigh (referring to horses) (they neigh, they whinny)

• हय-संघाता (haya-saṁghātā) - throngs of horses (throngs of horses, multitudes of horses)

• वात-स्पन्द-महाब्धिवात् (vāta-spanda-mahābdhivāt) - like the great ocean agitated by wind (like a great ocean agitated by wind)

Words meanings and morphology

नत-उन्नतानि (nata-unnatāni) - uneven (ground) (low and high, uneven)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nata-unnata

nata-unnata - low and high, depressed and elevated, uneven

Compound.

Compound type : Dvandva (nata+unnata)

• nata – bowed, bent, depressed, low
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bend, bow).
  Root: nam (class 1)
• unnata – raised, high, elevated
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bend, bow) with prefix ud- (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `urvīm` (earth), implying 'making the earth uneven'.

कुर्वन्तः (kurvantaḥ) - causing (the earth to be uneven) (making, doing, causing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurvant

kurvant - making, doing (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्पन्देन (spandena) - by their movement (of the horses) (by shaking, by trembling, by movement)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of spanda

spanda - trembling, throbbing, movement, agitation

From root spand (to tremble).

Root: spand (class 1)

उर्वीम् (urvīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of urvī

urvī - earth, ground, wide, extensive

From uru (wide).

नत-उन्नतैः (nata-unnataiḥ) - by their rising and falling (movements), by the unevenness (they create) (by the low and high, by the uneven)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nata-unnata

nata-unnata - low and high, depressed and elevated, uneven

Compound.

Compound type : Dvandva (nata+unnata)

• nata – bowed, bent, depressed, low
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bend, bow).
  Root: nam (class 1)
• unnata – raised, high, elevated
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bend, bow) with prefix ud- (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied movements or with the agents (horses) themselves, describing how they make the earth uneven.

हेषन्ते (heṣante) - they neigh (referring to horses) (they neigh, they whinny)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of heṣ

Root: heṣ (class 1)

हय-संघाता (haya-saṁghātā) - throngs of horses (throngs of horses, multitudes of horses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya-saṃghāta

haya-saṁghāta - multitude of horses, horse-throng

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (haya+saṃghāta)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi
• saṃghāta – throng, multitude, aggregation, heap
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to strike, collect) with prefix sam- (together).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

वात-स्पन्द-महाब्धिवात् (vāta-spanda-mahābdhivāt) - like the great ocean agitated by wind (like a great ocean agitated by wind)

(indeclinable)

Compound with -vat suffix.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vāta+spanda+mahābdhi)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• spanda – trembling, throbbing, movement, agitation
  noun (masculine)
  From root spand (to tremble).
  Root: spand (class 1)
• mahābdhi – great ocean
  noun (masculine)
  Compound.
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of mahat.
• abdhi – ocean, sea (lit. 'water-receptacle')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: ap (water) + dhā (to hold).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Suffix -vat (like, similar to).

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