योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-108, verse-30

स प्रणम्य त्वरायुक्तमुवाचेदमुपक्रमम् ।
संस्तभ्याङ्गव्यथामाशु संततोच्छ्वासमुच्छ्वसन् ॥ ३० ॥

sa praṇamya tvarāyuktamuvācedamupakramam ,
saṃstabhyāṅgavyathāmāśu saṃtatocchvāsamucchvasan 30

30. sa praṇamya tvarāyuktam uvāca idam upakramam
saṃstabhya aṅgavyathām āśu saṃtatocchvāsam ucchvasan

30. sa praṇamya aṅgavyathām saṃstabhya āśu saṃtatocchvāsam
ucchvasan tvarāyuktam idam upakramam uvāca

30. Having bowed, he quickly spoke this introductory statement, restraining his bodily pain and gasping with continuous breaths.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

• त्वरायुक्तम् (tvarāyuktam) - endowed with haste, urgent, quick

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• इदम् (idam) - this

• उपक्रमम् (upakramam) - introductory statement (introduction, commencement, initial action)

• संस्तभ्य (saṁstabhya) - having restrained, having held back, having steadied

• अङ्गव्यथाम् (aṅgavyathām) - bodily pain

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• संततोच्छ्वासम् (saṁtatocchvāsam) - continuous breathing/gasping

• उच्छ्वसन् (ucchvasan) - breathing out, gasping, sighing

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with prefix pra- and root nam, ending in -ya for conjunct verbs.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

त्वरायुक्तम् (tvarāyuktam) - endowed with haste, urgent, quick

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tvarāyukta

tvarāyukta - endowed with speed/haste

Compound formed from tvarā (haste) and yukta (joined, endowed).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (tvarā+yukta)

• tvarā – haste, speed, urgency
  noun (feminine)
• yukta – joined, connected, endowed with, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Used adverbially as 'quickly' or 'urgently'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Formed from root vac in perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

उपक्रमम् (upakramam) - introductory statement (introduction, commencement, initial action)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upakrama

upakrama - commencement, beginning, introduction, enterprise

From prefix upa- and root kram.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

संस्तभ्य (saṁstabhya) - having restrained, having held back, having steadied

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with prefix sam- and root stambh, ending in -ya.

Prefix: sam

Root: stambh (class 9)

अङ्गव्यथाम् (aṅgavyathām) - bodily pain

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aṅgavyathā

aṅgavyathā - bodily pain, physical suffering

Compound of aṅga (body) and vyathā (pain).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (aṅga+vyathā)

• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)
• vyathā – pain, agony, distress
  noun (feminine)
  From root vyath (to tremble, be agitated).
  Root: vyath (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective (nominative/accusative neuter singular). Here functions as an adverb.

Note: Used as an adverb.

संततोच्छ्वासम् (saṁtatocchvāsam) - continuous breathing/gasping

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃtatocchvāsa

saṁtatocchvāsa - continuous breathing, gasping for breath

Compound of saṃtata (continuous) and ucchvāsa (breath, gasp). Sandhi a + u = o is internal.

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (saṃtata+ucchvāsa)

• saṃtata – continuous, unbroken, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tan (to stretch) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tan (class 8)
• ucchvāsa – exhalation, breathing out, gasp, sigh
  noun (masculine)
  From root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ud-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: It functions adverbially with `ucchvasan`, meaning 'while gasping with continuous breaths'.

उच्छ्वसन् (ucchvasan) - breathing out, gasping, sighing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ucchvasat

ucchvasat - breathing out, gasping, sighing

Present Active Participle

From root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ud-. Nominative singular masculine form.

Prefix: ud

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Functions as a verbal adjective/participle.