योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-108, verse-34

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
अथ तस्मिन्वदत्येवमार्तिमत्याजिविक्षते ।
सहसैवाभ्युवाचेदं प्रविश्य पुरुषोऽपरः ॥ ३४ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
atha tasminvadatyevamārtimatyājivikṣate ,
sahasaivābhyuvācedaṃ praviśya puruṣo'paraḥ 34

34. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca atha tasmin vadati evam ārtimatyā
ājivikṣate sahasā eva abhi uvāca idam praviśya puruṣaḥ aparaḥ

34. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca atha tasmin ārtimatyā ājivikṣate evam
vadati aparaḥ puruṣaḥ praviśya sahasā eva idam abhi uvāca

34. Sri Vasistha said: Then, while he (Bhagīratha), distressed and desiring to fight, was speaking thus, another man suddenly entered and spoke this.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The revered sage Vasistha, the narrator of the Yoga-Vāsiṣṭha. (Sri Vasistha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Stated, declared. (said, spoke)

• अथ (atha) - Indicating the commencement of a new event or a sequence. (then, next, now)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Bhagīratha, who was speaking. (in him, on that, to that)

• वदति (vadati) - While he (Bhagīratha) was in the act of speaking. (speaking, while speaking, to speak)

• एवम् (evam) - Referring to the previous content of Bhagīratha's speech. (thus, in this manner, so)

• आर्तिमत्या (ārtimatyā) - Referring to the manner in which Bhagīratha was speaking, i.e., in a state of great emotional pain. (with distress, sorrowfully)

• आजिविक्षते (ājivikṣate) - Bhagīratha's state of mind, desiring to engage in conflict. (desiring to fight/conquer in battle)

• सहसा (sahasā) - The unexpected and swift entrance of the other man. (suddenly, quickly, forcefully)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the suddenness of the event. (indeed, only, just)

• अभि (abhi) - As a preverb to uvāca, meaning 'spoke to' or 'addressed'. (towards, to, unto)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Spoke this statement. (said, spoke)

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following statement. (this, these)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - The action performed by the other man before speaking. (having entered, after entering)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - The 'another man' who entered and spoke. (man, person, human being)

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - Distinguishing this man from Bhagīratha. (another, other, different)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The revered sage Vasistha, the narrator of the Yoga-Vāsiṣṭha. (Sri Vasistha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - The revered Vasistha, a celebrated Vedic sage, one of the seven Rishis.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – glory, wealth, prosperity, auspiciousness, revered
  noun (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – most excellent, best; proper name of a celebrated sage
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - Stated, declared. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

Irregular perfect formation, √vac (to speak), 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - Indicating the commencement of a new event or a sequence. (then, next, now)

(indeclinable)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Bhagīratha, who was speaking. (in him, on that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here in a locative absolute construction.

वदति (vadati) - While he (Bhagīratha) was in the act of speaking. (speaking, while speaking, to speak)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying

present active participle

From √vad (to speak), present active participle.

Root: vad (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - Referring to the previous content of Bhagīratha's speech. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

आर्तिमत्या (ārtimatyā) - Referring to the manner in which Bhagīratha was speaking, i.e., in a state of great emotional pain. (with distress, sorrowfully)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ārtimati

ārtimati - distressed, sorrowful, afflicted

From ārti (distress) + mat (possessive suffix). Feminine form ārtimatī.

आजिविक्षते (ājivikṣate) - Bhagīratha's state of mind, desiring to engage in conflict. (desiring to fight/conquer in battle)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ājivikṣa

ājivikṣa - one desiring battle/victory, desirous to fight

desiderative derivative

From āji (battle) + √vikṣ (related to desiderative of √ji 'to conquer'). Or it could be interpreted as āji-ikṣ (desiring to see battle). The most fitting meaning here is 'desirous to fight/conquer in battle'.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Describes tasmin (Bhagīratha).

सहसा (sahasā) - The unexpected and swift entrance of the other man. (suddenly, quickly, forcefully)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of sahas (force), used as an adverb.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the suddenness of the event. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle.

अभि (abhi) - As a preverb to uvāca, meaning 'spoke to' or 'addressed'. (towards, to, unto)

(indeclinable)

Preverb (upasarga).

उवाच (uvāca) - Spoke this statement. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

Irregular perfect formation, √vac (to speak), 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following statement. (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Nominative/accusative singular neuter of the demonstrative pronoun idam.

Note: Object of uvāca.

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - The action performed by the other man before speaking. (having entered, after entering)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Gerund of √viś (to enter) with preverb pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - The 'another man' who entered and spoke. (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, individual (puruṣa)

अपरः (aparaḥ) - Distinguishing this man from Bhagīratha. (another, other, different)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, different, subsequent