योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-48

घनान्धकारगुल्माढ्या क्षुद्रभूतौघकर्कशा ।
सारण्यानी निशा सार्धं समं तेनातिवाहिता ॥ ४८ ॥

ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhyā kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśā ,
sāraṇyānī niśā sārdhaṃ samaṃ tenātivāhitā 48

48. ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhyā kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśā
sā araṇyānī niśā sārdham samam tena ativāhitā

48. ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhyā kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśā
sā araṇyānī niśā tena sārdham samam ativāhitā

48. That wilderness (araṇyānī), which was dense with thickets of profound darkness and harsh with swarms of minor spirits, was passed through by him simultaneously with the night.

Words meanings summery:

• घनान्धकारगुल्माढ्या (ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhyā) - abundant with thickets of dense darkness

• क्षुद्रभूतौघकर्कशा (kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśā) - harsh with swarms of petty spirits

• सा (sā) - that (feminine)

• अरण्यानी (araṇyānī) - large forest, wilderness

• निशा (niśā) - night

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, along with, together

• समम् (samam) - equally, simultaneously

• तेन (tena) - by him

• अतिवाहिता (ativāhitā) - was passed, was spent

Words meanings and morphology

घनान्धकारगुल्माढ्या (ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhyā) - abundant with thickets of dense darkness

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhya

ghanāndhakāragulmāḍhya - dense with bushes of deep darkness

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghana+andhakāra+gulma+āḍhya)

• ghana – dense, thick
  adjective
• andhakāra – darkness, gloom
  noun (masculine)
• gulma – bush, thicket, shrub
  noun (masculine)
• āḍhya – rich in, full of, abundant with
  adjective

क्षुद्रभूतौघकर्कशा (kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśā) - harsh with swarms of petty spirits

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśa

kṣudrabhūtaughakarkaśa - harsh due to multitudes of small ghosts/spirits

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣudra+bhūta+ogha+karkaśa)

• kṣudra – small, petty, insignificant
  adjective
• bhūta – being, creature, ghost, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  past passive participle of bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ogha – flood, mass, multitude, swarm
  noun (masculine)
• karkaśa – harsh, rough, cruel
  adjective

सा (sā) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

अरण्यानी (araṇyānī) - large forest, wilderness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of araṇyānī

araṇyānī - large forest, wilderness

निशा (niśā) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, along with, together

(indeclinable)

समम् (samam) - equally, simultaneously

(indeclinable)

Note: adverbially

तेन (tena) - by him

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

अतिवाहिता (ativāhitā) - was passed, was spent

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ati + vah

vah - to carry over, to pass (time), to traverse

Past Passive Participle

from root vah with prefix ati

Root: vah (class 1)

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