योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-31

भवत्या पालयन्त्येह राज्ये स्थातव्यमुत्तमे ।
कुटुम्बभारोद्वहनं पत्यौ याते व्रतं स्त्रियः ॥ ३१ ॥

bhavatyā pālayantyeha rājye sthātavyamuttame ,
kuṭumbabhārodvahanaṃ patyau yāte vrataṃ striyaḥ 31

31. bhavatyā pālayantyā iha rājye sthātavyam uttame
kuṭumba-bhāra-udvahanam patyau yāte vratam striyaḥ

31. he uttame bhavatyā iha rājye pālayantyā sthātavyam
patyau yāte striyaḥ kuṭumba-bhāra-udvahanam vratam

31. You, O excellent one, should remain here, protecting this kingdom. For women, when their husband has departed, their duty (vrata) is to uphold the family burden.

Words meanings summery:

• भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by your honor, by the lady

• पालयन्त्या (pālayantyā) - by the protecting one, while protecting

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• राज्ये (rājye) - in the kingdom, in the reign

• स्थातव्यम् (sthātavyam) - should be stood, should be stayed, one should remain

• उत्तमे (uttame) - describing the kingdom (rājye) (in the excellent (kingdom))

• कुटुम्ब-भार-उद्वहनम् (kuṭumba-bhāra-udvahanam) - carrying the family burden

• पत्यौ (patyau) - on/in the husband, when the husband

• याते (yāte) - gone, departed, arrived

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred duty, religious observance

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

Words meanings and morphology

भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by your honor, by the lady

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhavatī

bhavatī - your honor (feminine), lady, existing, being

Present Active Participle

Feminine of 'bhavat', present active participle of root 'bhū' (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

पालयन्त्या (pālayantyā) - by the protecting one, while protecting

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pālayantī

pālayantī - protecting, guarding, preserving

Present Active Participle

Feminine of 'pālayant', present active participle of causative root 'pāl' (to protect, govern)

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavatyā'

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

राज्ये (rājye) - in the kingdom, in the reign

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

स्थातव्यम् (sthātavyam) - should be stood, should be stayed, one should remain

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthātavya

sthātavya - to be stood, to be placed, to be stayed, one should stand/stay

Gerundive

Gerundive of root 'sthā' (to stand, stay)

Root: sthā (class 1)

उत्तमे (uttame) - describing the kingdom (rājye) (in the excellent (kingdom))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - best, excellent, highest, supreme

Superlative of 'ud' (up)

Note: Agrees with 'rājye'

कुटुम्ब-भार-उद्वहनम् (kuṭumba-bhāra-udvahanam) - carrying the family burden

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kuṭumbabhārodvahana

kuṭumbabhārodvahana - bearing the burden of the family, supporting the family

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuṭumbabhāra+udvahana)

• kuṭumba – family, household
  noun (neuter)
• bhāra – burden, load, weight
  noun (masculine)
• udvahana – carrying, bearing, supporting
  noun (neuter)
  noun from verb
  From root 'vah' (to carry) with prefix 'ud-' (up, forth)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vah (class 1)

पत्यौ (patyau) - on/in the husband, when the husband

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband, owner

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction 'patyau yāte'

याते (yāte) - gone, departed, arrived

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'yā' (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction 'patyau yāte'

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred duty, religious observance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty, rule

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

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