योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-40

चन्द्रानना तमःश्यामा श्रान्ता कुसुमहासिनी ।
यामिनी यौवनं प्राप सरोजमुकुलस्तनी ॥ ४० ॥

candrānanā tamaḥśyāmā śrāntā kusumahāsinī ,
yāminī yauvanaṃ prāpa sarojamukulastanī 40

40. candrānana tamas-śyāmā śrāntā kusumahāsinī
yāminī yauvanam prāpa saroja-mukula-stanī

40. yāminī candrānana tamas-śyāmā śrāntā
kusumahāsinī saroja-mukula-stanī yauvanam prāpa

40. Night, with her moon-like face, dark as obscurity, weary, and smiling with flowers, attained youth, her breasts like lotus buds.

Words meanings summery:

• चन्द्रानन (candrānana) - with a face like the moon (moon-faced, having a face like the moon)

• तमस्-श्यामा (tamas-śyāmā) - dark as obscurity (dark as darkness, dark-hued like obscurity)

• श्रान्ता (śrāntā) - weary (tired, weary, exhausted)

• कुसुमहासिनी (kusumahāsinī) - smiling with flowers (i.e., flowers blossoming like a smile) (smiling with flowers, having flowers as her smile)

• यामिनी (yāminī) - the Night (personified) (night)

• यौवनम् (yauvanam) - her youth (youth, adolescence, prime of life)

• प्राप (prāpa) - attained (attained, reached, obtained)

• सरोज-मुकुल-स्तनी (saroja-mukula-stanī) - with breasts like lotus buds (having breasts like lotus buds)

Words meanings and morphology

चन्द्रानन (candrānana) - with a face like the moon (moon-faced, having a face like the moon)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of candrānana

candrānana - moon-faced, having a face like the moon

Bahuvrīhi compound: candra (moon) + ānana (face)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (candra+ānana)

• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: The ā ending is part of its feminine declension.

तमस्-श्यामा (tamas-śyāmā) - dark as obscurity (dark as darkness, dark-hued like obscurity)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tamas-śyāmā

tamas-śyāmā - dark like obscurity/darkness

Karmadharaya compound: tamas (darkness) + śyāma (dark)

Compound type : karmadharaya (tamas+śyāmā)

• tamas – darkness, obscurity, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• śyāmā – dark, black, dark-skinned (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)

Note: tamas is neuter, śyāmā is feminine.

श्रान्ता (śrāntā) - weary (tired, weary, exhausted)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, rested, tranquil

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śram (to be weary, exert oneself).

Root: śram (class 4)

कुसुमहासिनी (kusumahāsinī) - smiling with flowers (i.e., flowers blossoming like a smile) (smiling with flowers, having flowers as her smile)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kusumahāsin

kusumahāsin - smiling with flowers

derived with suffix in from a verbal compound, or Bahuvrīhi compound

Bahuvrīhi compound: kusuma (flower) + hāsin (smiling/shining)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kusuma+hāsin)

• kusuma – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• hāsin – smiling, laughing, shining (adjective from root has)
  participle/adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent noun/Participle
  Derived from root has (to laugh/smile).
  Root: has (class 1)

Note: inī ending for feminine.

यामिनी (yāminī) - the Night (personified) (night)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yāminī

yāminī - night, a division of the day

Root: yā (class 2)

यौवनम् (yauvanam) - her youth (youth, adolescence, prime of life)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, adolescence, prime of life

Derived from yuvan (youth) with aṇa suffix.

प्राप (prāpa) - attained (attained, reached, obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of prāp

aorist (luṅ)

Root aorist, 3rd person singular, active. (prāp instead of prāpat is seen in classical Sanskrit, particularly with roots ending in a consonant where a is dropped).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

सरोज-मुकुल-स्तनी (saroja-mukula-stanī) - with breasts like lotus buds (having breasts like lotus buds)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarojamukulastanī

sarojamukulastanī - having breasts that are lotus buds

Bahuvrīhi compound: saroja-mukula (lotus bud) + stanī (breasts/having breasts)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saroja-mukula+stanī)

• saroja – lotus (born in a lake)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound: saras (lake) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mukula – bud, blossom
  noun (masculine)
• stanī – having breasts (feminine derivative of stana)
  adjective/noun (feminine)
  Derived from stana (breast).

Note: The ī ending is part of its feminine declension.

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