योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-40

चन्द्रानना तमःश्यामा श्रान्ता कुसुमहासिनी ।
यामिनी यौवनं प्राप सरोजमुकुलस्तनी ॥ ४० ॥

candrānanā tamaḥśyāmā śrāntā kusumahāsinī ,
yāminī yauvanaṃ prāpa sarojamukulastanī 40

40. candrānana tamas-śyāmā śrāntā kusumahāsinī
yāminī yauvanam prāpa saroja-mukula-stanī

40. yāminī candrānana tamas-śyāmā śrāntā
kusumahāsinī saroja-mukula-stanī yauvanam prāpa

40. Night, with her moon-like face, dark as obscurity, weary, and smiling with flowers, attained youth, her breasts like lotus buds.

40. הלילה, בעלת פני הירח, הכהה מחשכה, העייפה, המחייכת בפרחים ובעלת חזה כניצני לוטוס, הגיעה לימי עלומיה.

Words meanings summery:

• चन्द्रानन (candrānana) - with a face like the moon (moon-faced, having a face like the moon)

• तमस्-श्यामा (tamas-śyāmā) - dark as obscurity (dark as darkness, dark-hued like obscurity)

• श्रान्ता (śrāntā) - weary (tired, weary, exhausted)

• कुसुमहासिनी (kusumahāsinī) - smiling with flowers (i.e., flowers blossoming like a smile) (smiling with flowers, having flowers as her smile)

• यामिनी (yāminī) - the Night (personified) (night)

• यौवनम् (yauvanam) - her youth (youth, adolescence, prime of life)

• प्राप (prāpa) - attained (attained, reached, obtained)

• सरोज-मुकुल-स्तनी (saroja-mukula-stanī) - with breasts like lotus buds (having breasts like lotus buds)

Words meanings and morphology

चन्द्रानन (candrānana) - with a face like the moon (moon-faced, having a face like the moon)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of candrānana

candrānana - moon-faced, having a face like the moon

Bahuvrīhi compound: candra (moon) + ānana (face)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (candra+ānana)

• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: The ā ending is part of its feminine declension.

तमस्-श्यामा (tamas-śyāmā) - dark as obscurity (dark as darkness, dark-hued like obscurity)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tamas-śyāmā

tamas-śyāmā - dark like obscurity/darkness

Karmadharaya compound: tamas (darkness) + śyāma (dark)

Compound type : karmadharaya (tamas+śyāmā)

• tamas – darkness, obscurity, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• śyāmā – dark, black, dark-skinned (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)

Note: tamas is neuter, śyāmā is feminine.

श्रान्ता (śrāntā) - weary (tired, weary, exhausted)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, rested, tranquil

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śram (to be weary, exert oneself).

Root: śram (class 4)

कुसुमहासिनी (kusumahāsinī) - smiling with flowers (i.e., flowers blossoming like a smile) (smiling with flowers, having flowers as her smile)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kusumahāsin

kusumahāsin - smiling with flowers

derived with suffix in from a verbal compound, or Bahuvrīhi compound

Bahuvrīhi compound: kusuma (flower) + hāsin (smiling/shining)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kusuma+hāsin)

• kusuma – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• hāsin – smiling, laughing, shining (adjective from root has)
  participle/adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent noun/Participle
  Derived from root has (to laugh/smile).
  Root: has (class 1)

Note: inī ending for feminine.

यामिनी (yāminī) - the Night (personified) (night)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yāminī

yāminī - night, a division of the day

Root: yā (class 2)

यौवनम् (yauvanam) - her youth (youth, adolescence, prime of life)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, adolescence, prime of life

Derived from yuvan (youth) with aṇa suffix.

प्राप (prāpa) - attained (attained, reached, obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of prāp

aorist (luṅ)

Root aorist, 3rd person singular, active. (prāp instead of prāpat is seen in classical Sanskrit, particularly with roots ending in a consonant where a is dropped).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

सरोज-मुकुल-स्तनी (saroja-mukula-stanī) - with breasts like lotus buds (having breasts like lotus buds)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarojamukulastanī

sarojamukulastanī - having breasts that are lotus buds

Bahuvrīhi compound: saroja-mukula (lotus bud) + stanī (breasts/having breasts)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saroja-mukula+stanī)

• saroja – lotus (born in a lake)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound: saras (lake) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mukula – bud, blossom
  noun (masculine)
• stanī – having breasts (feminine derivative of stana)
  adjective/noun (feminine)
  Derived from stana (breast).

Note: The ī ending is part of its feminine declension.

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