योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
ततः शिखिध्वजो राजा तत्त्वज्ञानपदं विना ।
आजगाम परं मोहं तमोन्धत्वमिवाप्रजाः ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
tataḥ śikhidhvajo rājā tattvajñānapadaṃ vinā ,
ājagāma paraṃ mohaṃ tamondhatvamivāprajāḥ 1

1. śrī vasiṣṭha uvāca tataḥ śikhidhvajaḥ rājā tattvajñānapadam
vinā ājagāma param moham tamaḥ andhatvam iva aprajāḥ

1. śrī vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca.
tataḥ rājā śikhidhvajaḥ tattvajñānapadam vinā,
aprajāḥ iva tamaḥ andhatvam param moham ājagāma.

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: Then, King Śikhidhvaja, being deprived of the path to knowledge of reality, fell into a state of utter delusion, akin to the blindness of deep darkness, or like a childless person.

Words meanings summery:

• श्री (śrī) - venerable, auspicious, glorious.

• वसिष्ठ (vasiṣṭha) - Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage).

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke.

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that.

• शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Śikhidhvaja (name of a king).

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler.

• तत्त्वज्ञानपदम् (tattvajñānapadam) - the state/path of knowledge of reality.

• विना (vinā) - without, except.

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, approached, attained, fell into.

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, utter, great.

• मोहम् (moham) - delusion, infatuation, confusion.

• तमः (tamaḥ) - Used as the first part of a descriptive comparison. (darkness, ignorance.)

• अन्धत्वम् (andhatvam) - blindness, state of being blind.

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if.

• अप्रजाः (aprajāḥ) - childless, without offspring.

Words meanings and morphology

श्री (śrī) - venerable, auspicious, glorious.

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, glory, beauty, venerable.

Often used as an honorific prefix.

Root: śrī (class 1)

Note: Used as an honorific for Vasiṣṭha.

वसिष्ठ (vasiṣṭha) - Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage).

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage).

Masculine nominative singular.

Root: vas (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

From root vac (2nd class). Perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that.

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from 'tad'.

शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Śikhidhvaja (name of a king).

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhidhvaja

śikhidhvaja - Śikhidhvaja (name of a king, literally 'whose banner is fire/peak').

Masculine nominative singular.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhi+dhvaja)

• śikhi – fire, flame, peak.
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun.
  Root: śikh
• dhvaja – banner, flag, emblem.
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun.
  Root: dhvaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'ājagāma'.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign.

Masculine nominative singular form.

Root: rāj (class 1)

तत्त्वज्ञानपदम् (tattvajñānapadam) - the state/path of knowledge of reality.

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattvajñānapada

tattvajñānapada - the state, position, or path of knowledge of reality (tattvajñāna).

Neuter accusative singular form.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattvajñāna+pada)

• tattvajñāna – knowledge of reality, understanding of truth.
  noun (neuter)
  Tatpurusha compound.
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• tattva – reality, truth, principle, essence.
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun.
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom.
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• pada – step, foot, state, path, position.
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun.
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'vinā'.

विना (vinā) - without, except.

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative, instrumental, or ablative.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, approached, attained, fell into.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of āgam

Perfect, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

From root gam (1st class), with upasarga 'ā'. Perfect tense form.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, utter, great.

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, highest, supreme, ultimate.

Neuter accusative singular form.

मोहम् (moham) - delusion, infatuation, confusion.

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, ignorance, confusion.

Masculine accusative singular form.

Root: muh (class 4)

तमः (tamaḥ) - Used as the first part of a descriptive comparison. (darkness, ignorance.)

(noun)

neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia.

Neuter nominative/accusative singular form.

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: First part of the compound `tamo'ndhatvam`.

अन्धत्वम् (andhatvam) - blindness, state of being blind.

(noun)

neuter, singular of andhatva

andhatva - blindness.

Neuter nominative/accusative singular form. From 'andha' (blind) + 'tva' (suffix for state/quality).

Note: The compound `tamo'ndhatvam` functions as a simile for 'moham'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if.

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison.

अप्रजाः (aprajāḥ) - childless, without offspring.

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aprajā

aprajā - childless, without progeny.

Masculine nominative singular form (from `a` + `prajā`).

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+prajā)

• a – not, non-.
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• prajā – offspring, progeny, subjects.
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine noun.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'ājagāma' (King Śikhidhvaja).

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