योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-6, verse-50

स्पष्टीकर्तुं न शक्यन्ते जन्मचक्रस्य नेमयः ।
अज्ञेनेन्द्रियगृध्रार्थं रागान्मृगयुणा तनुः ॥ ५० ॥

spaṣṭīkartuṃ na śakyante janmacakrasya nemayaḥ ,
ajñenendriyagṛdhrārthaṃ rāgānmṛgayuṇā tanuḥ 50

50. spaṣṭīkartum na śakyante janmacakrasya nemayaḥ
ajñena indriyagṛdhrārtham rāgāt mṛgayuṇā tanuḥ

50. ajñena janmacakrasya nemayaḥ spaṣṭīkartum na śakyante.
(tasya) tanuḥ rāgāt indriyagṛdhrārtham mṛgayuṇā.

50. The intricate workings (nemayaḥ) of the cycle of birth (saṃsāra) cannot be clarified by the ignorant (ajña). For them, the body (tanuḥ), driven by attachment (rāga) and for the gratification of greedy senses, is like prey to a hunter (mṛgayuṇā).

Words meanings summery:

• स्पष्टीकर्तुम् (spaṣṭīkartum) - to understand, to comprehend (to make clear, to clarify, to explain)

• न (na) - cannot (not, no)

• शक्यन्ते (śakyante) - they can be clarified, they are understood (they are able, they can be done)

• जन्मचक्रस्य (janmacakrasya) - of the cycle of saṃsāra (of the wheel of birth, of the cycle of existence)

• नेमयः (nemayaḥ) - the intricate workings, functions, or parts of the cycle (spokes, fellies (rims), courses, functions)

• अज्ञेन (ajñena) - by the unenlightened individual (by the ignorant one)

• इन्द्रियगृध्रार्थम् (indriyagṛdhrārtham) - for the sake of gratifying the insatiable desires of the sense organs (for the purpose of greedy senses)

• रागात् (rāgāt) - due to intense desire or worldly attachment (from attachment, from passion, due to desire)

• मृगयुणा (mṛgayuṇā) - by a hunter (metaphor for attachment/desire that traps one) (by the hunter)

• तनुः (tanuḥ) - the physical body (of the ignorant one) (body, form, person)

Words meanings and morphology

स्पष्टीकर्तुम् (spaṣṭīkartum) - to understand, to comprehend (to make clear, to clarify, to explain)

(infinitive)

Note: Purpose verb.

न (na) - cannot (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

शक्यन्ते (śakyante) - they can be clarified, they are understood (they are able, they can be done)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of śak

Present tense, 3rd person plural, passive

From root `ŚAK` (5th class, `śaknoti`). Used in passive voice to express possibility/ability with an infinitive.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Refers to the inability to clarify something.

जन्मचक्रस्य (janmacakrasya) - of the cycle of saṃsāra (of the wheel of birth, of the cycle of existence)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of janmacakra

janmacakra - wheel of birth, cycle of existence, saṃsāra

Tatpuruṣa compound: `janman` (birth) + `cakra` (wheel).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (janman+cakra)

• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  From root `JAN` 'to be born'.
  Root: jan
• cakra – wheel, discus, cycle
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `nemayaḥ`.

नेमयः (nemayaḥ) - the intricate workings, functions, or parts of the cycle (spokes, fellies (rims), courses, functions)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nemi

nemi - felly (rim of a wheel), circumference, spoke, course, path

Note: Subject of `śakyante`.

अज्ञेन (ajñena) - by the unenlightened individual (by the ignorant one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, unknowing, foolish

Compound of `a-` (negation) and `jña` (knowing, from root `jñā`).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jña – knowing, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From root `jñā` (9th class, `jānāti`) 'to know', with suffix `-a`.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the agent in a passive construction.

इन्द्रियगृध्रार्थम् (indriyagṛdhrārtham) - for the sake of gratifying the insatiable desires of the sense organs (for the purpose of greedy senses)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of indriyagṛdhrārtha

indriyagṛdhrārtha - purpose of greedy senses, for the sake of senses' greed

Tatpuruṣa compound of `indriyagṛdhra` (greedy senses) and `artha` (purpose, for the sake of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indriyagṛdhra+artha)

• indriyagṛdhra – greedy senses
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Compound of `indriya` (sense organ) and `gṛdhra` (greedy).
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the purpose or aim.

रागात् (rāgāt) - due to intense desire or worldly attachment (from attachment, from passion, due to desire)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rāga

rāga - color, tint, passion, affection, love, attachment, desire

From root `RAÑJ` 'to color, be red, be attached'.

Root: rañj

Note: Indicates the cause or reason.

मृगयुणा (mṛgayuṇā) - by a hunter (metaphor for attachment/desire that traps one) (by the hunter)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mṛgayu

mṛgayu - hunter, fowler

From `mṛga` (animal, deer) and `yu` (hunter/goer).

Note: Agent of the implied action (of trapping or using the body).

तनुः (tanuḥ) - the physical body (of the ignorant one) (body, form, person)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tanu

tanu - body, person, form, delicate, slender

Root `TAN` 'to stretch, extend'.

Root: tan

Note: Subject of the implied predicate in the second clause.