योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-6, verse-39

अज्ञस्याशाः प्रसूयन्ते सुकृष्टादिव शालयः ।
नरकश्रीरिहाज्ञानं दुष्कृतव्यालवेष्टितम् ॥ ३९ ॥

ajñasyāśāḥ prasūyante sukṛṣṭādiva śālayaḥ ,
narakaśrīrihājñānaṃ duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭitam 39

39. ajñasya āśāḥ prasūyante sukṛṣṭāt iva śālayaḥ
narakaśrīḥ iha ajñānam duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭitam

39. ajñasya āśāḥ sukṛṣṭāt śālayaḥ iva prasūyante
duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭitam ajñānam iha narakaśrīḥ

39. Just as rice plants sprout from well-cultivated land, so too do desires arise in an ignorant person. Indeed, here, ignorance (ajñāna), entwined by the serpents of misdeeds, is the very nature of hell.

Words meanings summery:

• अज्ञस्य (ajñasya) - of an ignorant person, of the foolish

• आशाः (āśāḥ) - desires, hopes, expectations

• प्रसूयन्ते (prasūyante) - they are born, they arise, they produce

• सुकृष्टात् (sukṛṣṭāt) - from well-ploughed, from well-cultivated

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• शालयः (śālayaḥ) - rice plants, rice crops

• नरकश्रीः (narakaśrīḥ) - the very nature/essence of hell. (the splendor of hell, the nature of hell, the wealth of hell)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, indeed

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance, nescience

• दुष्कृतव्यालवेष्टितम् (duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭitam) - entwined by the serpents of misdeeds, surrounded by evil snakes

Words meanings and morphology

अज्ञस्य (ajñasya) - of an ignorant person, of the foolish

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, foolish, unknowing

Derived from 'a-' (negation) and 'jña' (knower, knowing).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation particle
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

आशाः (āśāḥ) - desires, hopes, expectations

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āśā

āśā - hope, expectation, desire, wish

From root 'āśiṣ' (to wish for)

Prefix: ā

Root: śiṣ (class 2)

प्रसूयन्ते (prasūyante) - they are born, they arise, they produce

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of prasū

Present Middle Third Plural

From prefix 'pra' and root 'sū' (to produce, to give birth). Passive voice or middle voice form.

Prefix: pra

Root: sū (class 2)

सुकृष्टात् (sukṛṣṭāt) - from well-ploughed, from well-cultivated

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sukṛṣṭa

sukṛṣṭa - well-ploughed, well-cultivated

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'su-' (well) and root 'kṛṣ' (to plough) + -ta suffix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kṛṣṭa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix for goodness
• kṛṣṭa – ploughed, cultivated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛṣ' (to plough) + -ta suffix.
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverbial phrase 'from [what is] well-ploughed'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

शालयः (śālayaḥ) - rice plants, rice crops

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śāli

śāli - rice (in the husk), rice plant

नरकश्रीः (narakaśrīḥ) - the very nature/essence of hell. (the splendor of hell, the nature of hell, the wealth of hell)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of narakaśrī

narakaśrī - the prosperity/splendor/fortune/nature of hell

Compound of 'naraka' (hell) and 'śrī' (splendor, prosperity, fortune, nature).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (naraka+śrī)

• naraka – hell, Hades
  noun (masculine)
• śrī – splendor, glory, prosperity, wealth, nature, essence
  noun (feminine)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used for emphasis.

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance, nescience

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, want of knowledge

From 'a-' (negation) and 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation particle
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as the subject of the implied verb 'is'.

दुष्कृतव्यालवेष्टितम् (duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭitam) - entwined by the serpents of misdeeds, surrounded by evil snakes

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭita

duṣkṛtavyālaveṣṭita - surrounded by the serpents of misdeeds

Bahuvrīhi or Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duṣkṛta+vyāla+veṣṭita)

• duṣkṛta – misdeed, evil deed, sin
  noun (neuter)
  From 'dus-' (bad) and 'kṛta' (deed).
  Prefix: dus
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vyāla – serpent, snake, dangerous animal
  noun (masculine)
• veṣṭita – entwined, surrounded, encircled
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'veṣṭ' (to encircle, to wrap) + -ta suffix.
  Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ajñānam'.