योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-31, verse-15

स्वायत्त एव चैषोऽर्थो दुःसाध्यो भावनास्थितः ।
यद्यन्न साध्यते पुंसा तत्कथं क्वेव लभ्यते ॥ १५ ॥

svāyatta eva caiṣo'rtho duḥsādhyo bhāvanāsthitaḥ ,
yadyanna sādhyate puṃsā tatkathaṃ kveva labhyate 15

15. svāyattaḥ eva ca eṣaḥ arthaḥ duḥsādhyaḥ bhāvanāsthitaḥ
yat yat na sādhyate puṃsā tat katham kva iva labhyate

15. ca eṣaḥ svāyattaḥ bhāvanāsthitaḥ arthaḥ eva duḥsādhyaḥ.
yat yat puṃsā na sādhyate,
tat katham kva iva labhyate?

15. And this very self-dependent principle, rooted in (correct) conceptualization, is indeed difficult to realize. For if something cannot be achieved by an individual, then how or where can it possibly be obtained?

Words meanings summery:

• स्वायत्तः (svāyattaḥ) - self-dependent, self-reliant, autonomous

• एव (eva) - indeed, very (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - principle (purpose, meaning, object, principle)

• दुःसाध्यः (duḥsādhyaḥ) - difficult to realize (difficult to accomplish/achieve)

• भावनास्थितः (bhāvanāsthitaḥ) - established in conception, rooted in thought

• यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (whatever, which, that)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (whatever, which, that)

• न (na) - not, no

• साध्यते (sādhyate) - is accomplished, is achieved, is brought about

• पुंसा (puṁsā) - by an individual (by a man, by a person)

• तत् (tat) - that (thing) (that)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• क्व (kva) - where, in what place

• इव (iva) - possibly (emphasizing the impossibility implied by the question) (like, as if, indeed (emphasizing question))

• लभ्यते (labhyate) - is obtained, is found, is acquired

Words meanings and morphology

स्वायत्तः (svāyattaḥ) - self-dependent, self-reliant, autonomous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svāyatta

svāyatta - self-dependent, self-reliant, under one's own control, autonomous

Compound of 'sva' (self) and 'āyatta' (dependent).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa (sva+āyatta)

• sva – self, own
  pronoun (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• āyatta – dependent on, subjected to, connected with
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'yam' with upasarga 'ā-'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, very (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, that

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - principle (purpose, meaning, object, principle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, aim, meaning, sense, object, thing, wealth, advantage

Root: ṛ (class 1)

दुःसाध्यः (duḥsādhyaḥ) - difficult to realize (difficult to accomplish/achieve)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥsādhya

duḥsādhya - difficult to accomplish, hard to achieve, intractable

Compound of prefix 'duḥ-' (difficult, bad) and 'sādhya' (to be accomplished).

Compound type : praadi tatpuruṣa (duḥ+sādhya)

• duḥ – difficult, bad, hard
  prefix
• sādhya – to be accomplished, to be effected, practicable
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sādh' (to accomplish).
  Root: sādh (class 5)

भावनास्थितः (bhāvanāsthitaḥ) - established in conception, rooted in thought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvanāsthita

bhāvanāsthita - situated in thought/conception, established by mental contemplation

Compound of 'bhāvanā' (conception) and 'sthita' (situated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāvanā+sthita)

• bhāvanā – conception, thought, meditation, mental impression
  noun (feminine)
  From the causative root 'bhū' (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• sthita – standing, situated, established, existing
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (whatever, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, whatever

Note: Used twice for emphasis (reduplication 'yat yat' for 'whatever').

यत् (yat) - whatever (thing) (whatever, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, whatever

Note: Used twice for emphasis (reduplication 'yat yat' for 'whatever').

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

साध्यते (sādhyate) - is accomplished, is achieved, is brought about

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of sādh

Present Passive

Formed from root sādh (to accomplish).

Root: sādh (class 5)

पुंसा (puṁsā) - by an individual (by a man, by a person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puṃs

puṁs - man, person, male, spirit, soul

तत् (tat) - that (thing) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yat yat'.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

क्व (kva) - where, in what place

(indeclinable)

From 'kim' (what) + 'a' (suffix).

इव (iva) - possibly (emphasizing the impossibility implied by the question) (like, as if, indeed (emphasizing question))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to emphasize the rhetorical question.

लभ्यते (labhyate) - is obtained, is found, is acquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of labh

Present Passive

Formed from root labh (to obtain).

Root: labh (class 1)