योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-68, verse-11

रज्जुकृष्टघनघ्राणो यद्गत्या पथि गर्दभः ।
भारं वहति भीतात्मा तत्संसक्तिविजृम्भितम् ॥ ११ ॥

rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇo yadgatyā pathi gardabhaḥ ,
bhāraṃ vahati bhītātmā tatsaṃsaktivijṛmbhitam 11

11. rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇaḥ yat gatyā pathi gardabhaḥ
bhāram vahati bhītātmā tat saṃsaktivijṛmbhitam

11. rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇaḥ bhītātmā gardabhaḥ yat
gatyā pathi bhāram vahati tat saṃsaktivijṛmbhitam

11. Just as a donkey, whose thick nose is pulled by a rope, carries a burden on the path with a frightened spirit (ātman), that too is a manifestation of attachment (saṃsakti).

Words meanings summery:

• रज्जुकृष्टघनघ्राणः (rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇaḥ) - (the donkey) whose large nose is pulled by a rope (one whose thick nose is pulled by a rope)

• यत् (yat) - by which, in which way

• गत्या (gatyā) - by the way it moves (by motion, by course, by gait)

• पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road

• गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ) - donkey, ass

• भारम् (bhāram) - burden, load, weight

• वहति (vahati) - he carries, he bears, he conveys

• भीतात्मा (bhītātmā) - with a frightened heart (fearful self/soul, terrified spirit)

• तत् (tat) - that

• संसक्तिविजृम्भितम् (saṁsaktivijṛmbhitam) - manifested by attachment, caused by attachment

Words meanings and morphology

रज्जुकृष्टघनघ्राणः (rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇaḥ) - (the donkey) whose large nose is pulled by a rope (one whose thick nose is pulled by a rope)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇa

rajjukṛṣṭaghanaghrāṇa - having a thick nose pulled by a rope

A complex Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rajju+kṛṣṭa+ghana+ghrāṇa)

• rajju – rope, cord
  noun (feminine)
• kṛṣṭa – pulled, drawn, dragged; ploughed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root `kṛṣ`.
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• ghana – thick, dense, solid, heavy, large
  adjective
  Root: han
• ghrāṇa – nose, scent, smell
  noun (neuter)
  From root `ghrā` (to smell).
  Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `gardabhaḥ`.

यत् (yat) - by which, in which way

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun. Here, neuter singular accusative or adverbial.

Note: Can be adverbial 'by which' or 'in which way'.

गत्या (gatyā) - by the way it moves (by motion, by course, by gait)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gati

gati - motion, going, course, path, gait, condition

From root `gam` + `ti` (feminine action noun suffix).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Instrumental of `gati`.

पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of path

path - path, road, way

Irregular noun.

गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ) - donkey, ass

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gardabha

gardabha - donkey, ass

भारम् (bhāram) - burden, load, weight

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight, quantity

From root `bhṛ` (to bear, carry).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `vahati`.

वहति (vahati) - he carries, he bears, he conveys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vah

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular.

Root: vah (class 1)

भीतात्मा (bhītātmā) - with a frightened heart (fearful self/soul, terrified spirit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhītātman

bhītātman - one whose self/spirit is frightened

`bhīta` (frightened, PPP of `bhī`) + `ātman` (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīta+ātman)

• bhīta – frightened, scared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root `bhī`.
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Predicate nominative with implied 'is'.

संसक्तिविजृम्भितम् (saṁsaktivijṛmbhitam) - manifested by attachment, caused by attachment

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsaktivijṛmbhita

saṁsaktivijṛmbhita - manifestation of attachment, caused by attachment

Past Passive Participle

`saṃsakti` (attachment) + `vijṛmbhita` (manifested, PPP of `vi-jṛmbh`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsakti+vijṛmbhita)

• saṃsakti – attachment, clinging, union
  noun (feminine)
  From `sam-sañj` + `kti`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sañj (class 1)
• vijṛmbhita – manifested, expanded, displayed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of `vi-jṛmbh`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative, means 'that which is manifested by attachment'.