योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-68, verse-1

श्रीराम उवाच ।
कीदृशो भगवन्सङ्गः कथं बन्धाय वा नृणाम् ।
कश्च मोक्षाय कथितः कथं वैष चिकित्स्यते ॥ १ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
kīdṛśo bhagavansaṅgaḥ kathaṃ bandhāya vā nṛṇām ,
kaśca mokṣāya kathitaḥ kathaṃ vaiṣa cikitsyate 1

1. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca kīdṛśaḥ bhagavan saṅgaḥ katham bandhāya vā
nṛṇām kaḥ ca mokṣāya kathitaḥ katham vai eṣaḥ cikitsyate

1. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca bhagavan kīdṛśaḥ saṅgaḥ nṛṇām bandhāya vā
katham ca kaḥ mokṣāya kathitaḥ vai eṣaḥ katham cikitsyate

1. Śrī Rāma said: "O Venerable One, what kind of attachment (saṅga) leads to the bondage of human beings? And which (attachment) is declared to be for liberation (mokṣa)? How, indeed, is this (bondage-causing attachment) remedied?"

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Śrī Rāma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind of, of what sort

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one, O Lord

• सङ्गः (saṅgaḥ) - attachment, association

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• बन्धाय (bandhāya) - for bondage, leading to bondage

• वा (vā) - or, optionally

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of human beings

• कः (kaḥ) - who, which

• च (ca) - and

• मोक्षाय (mokṣāya) - for liberation

• कथितः (kathitaḥ) - declared, said, told

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• चिकित्स्यते (cikitsyate) - is treated, is remedied, is cured

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Śrī Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rāma, an incarnation of Viṣṇu

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – splendor, prosperity, divine grace
  noun (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma (proper name), pleasing, charming
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Speaker in this verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Past Perfect (Lit) active

Third person singular, past perfect tense, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind of, of what sort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - what kind of, of what sort, how, such

From 'kim' (what) and root 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saṅgaḥ'.

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one, O Lord

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - possessing fortune/glory/divinity, venerable, divine, blessed

Possessive adjective from 'bhaga' (fortune, prosperity)

Note: Addressing Vasiṣṭha.

सङ्गः (saṅgaḥ) - attachment, association

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅga

saṅga - attachment, clinging, union, association

From root 'sañj' (to cling, attach) with prefix 'sam-'

Prefix: sam

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first question.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

बन्धाय (bandhāya) - for bondage, leading to bondage

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bandha

bandha - bondage, fetter, tying

From root 'bandh' (to bind)

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Indicates purpose or result.

वा (vā) - or, optionally

(indeclinable)

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of human beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, human being

कः (kaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

Note: Refers to 'saṅgaḥ' (implied).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मोक्षाय (mokṣāya) - for liberation

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, freedom, release, final emancipation

From root 'muc' (to free, release)

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Indicates purpose.

कथितः (kathitaḥ) - declared, said, told

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathita

kathita - said, told, declared, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kath' (to say, tell) with 'kta' suffix

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'kaḥ'.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun

चिकित्स्यते (cikitsyate) - is treated, is remedied, is cured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of cikits

Desiderative passive

From root 'kit' (to heal, perceive); desiderative stem 'cikitsa-' conjugated in the passive voice. Third person singular, present tense.

Root: kit (class 10)