योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-68, verse-10

संसक्तिवशतः सर्वे वितता दुःखराशयः ।
प्रयान्ति शतशाखत्वं श्वभ्रकण्टकवृक्षवत् ॥ १० ॥

saṃsaktivaśataḥ sarve vitatā duḥkharāśayaḥ ,
prayānti śataśākhatvaṃ śvabhrakaṇṭakavṛkṣavat 10

10. saṃsaktivaśataḥ sarve vitatāḥ duḥkharāśayaḥ
prayānti śataśākhatvam śvabhrakaṇṭakavṛkṣavat

10. saṃsaktivaśataḥ sarve vitatāḥ duḥkharāśayaḥ
śataśākhatvam prayānti śvabhrakaṇṭakavṛkṣavat

10. Due to attachment (saṃsakti), all expansive masses of suffering (duḥkha) branch out into a hundred forms, just like a thorny tree growing in a pit.

Words meanings summery:

• संसक्तिवशतः (saṁsaktivaśataḥ) - owing to attachment, by the power of attachment

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• वितताः (vitatāḥ) - spread out, extended, vast

• दुःखराशयः (duḥkharāśayaḥ) - heaps of suffering, masses of pain

• प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they grow into, they expand into (they go forth, they attain, they reach)

• शतशाखत्वम् (śataśākhatvam) - the state of having a hundred branches, branching out immensely

• श्वभ्रकण्टकवृक्षवत् (śvabhrakaṇṭakavṛkṣavat) - like a thorny tree in a pit/chasm

Words meanings and morphology

संसक्तिवशतः (saṁsaktivaśataḥ) - owing to attachment, by the power of attachment

(indeclinable)

`saṃsakti` (attachment) + `vaśa` (power, control). `taḥ` is an ablative suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsakti+vaśa)

• saṃsakti – attachment, clinging, union
  noun (feminine)
  From `sam-sañj` + `kti` (feminine action noun suffix).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sañj (class 1)
• vaśa – power, control, subjection, will
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: The suffix `taḥ` renders the compound an indeclinable adverb meaning 'from, by reason of'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

वितताः (vitatāḥ) - spread out, extended, vast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vitata

vitata - spread out, extended, diffused, vast

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of `vi-tan`.

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective.

दुःखराशयः (duḥkharāśayaḥ) - heaps of suffering, masses of pain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkharāśi

duḥkharāśi - heap of pain, mass of suffering

`duḥkha` (pain, suffering) + `rāśi` (heap, mass).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+rāśi)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• rāśi – heap, mass, collection, quantity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāś (class 1)

प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they grow into, they expand into (they go forth, they attain, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of prayā

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural. From `pra-yā`.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

शतशाखत्वम् (śataśākhatvam) - the state of having a hundred branches, branching out immensely

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śataśākhatva

śataśākhatva - the state or quality of having a hundred branches

`śataśākha` (having a hundred branches) + `tva` (suffix for abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śataśākha+tva)

• śataśākha – having a hundred branches
  adjective
  `śata` (hundred) + `śākha` (branch).
• tva – -ness, -hood (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  suffix (neuter)
  Suffix used to form abstract neuter nouns.

Note: Object of `prayānti`.

श्वभ्रकण्टकवृक्षवत् (śvabhrakaṇṭakavṛkṣavat) - like a thorny tree in a pit/chasm

(indeclinable)

`vat` (suffix meaning 'like'). Compound: `śvabhra` (pit) + `kaṇṭaka` (thorn) + `vṛkṣa` (tree).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvabhra+kaṇṭaka+vṛkṣa+vat)

• śvabhra – pit, chasm, hole
  noun (masculine)
• kaṇṭaka – thorn, prickle, impediment
  noun (masculine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vrakṣ (class 1)
• vat – like, as
  indeclinable
  Suffix indicating similarity.

Note: Functions as a simile.