योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-39, verse-50

अवतीर्णानां च तेषामवतरणसमकालमेवाविद्योदेति
तत्त्वज्ञानं दृढतामेति तदनु
शतसहस्रस्कन्धो विचित्रशुभाशुभफलभरफलितो
भूरिशाखः स्फारतामेति संसारद्रुमः ॥ ५० ॥

avatīrṇānāṃ ca teṣāmavataraṇasamakālamevāvidyodeti
tattvajñānaṃ dṛḍhatāmeti tadanu
śatasahasraskandho vicitraśubhāśubhaphalabharaphalito
bhūriśākhaḥ sphāratāmeti saṃsāradrumaḥ 50

50. avatīrṇānām ca teṣām avataraṇa-samakālam eva avidyā
udeti tattva-jñānaṃ dṛḍhatām eti tadanu
śata-sahasra-skandhaḥ vicitra-śubha-aśubha-phala-bhara-phalitaḥ
bhūri-śākhaḥ sphāratām eti saṃsāra-drumaḥ

50. ca teṣām avatīrṇānām avataraṇa-samakālam eva avidyā
udeti tattva-jñānaṃ dṛḍhatām eti tadanu
saṃsāra-drumaḥ śata-sahasra-skandhaḥ
vicitra-śubha-aśubha-phala-bhara-phalitaḥ bhūri-śākhaḥ sphāratām eti

50. And for those who have manifested, precisely at the time of their manifestation, ignorance (avidyā) arises, and the apprehension of reality (tattva-jñāna) becomes fixed. Thereafter, the tree of saṃsāra—with hundreds of thousands of trunks, laden with the burden of diverse good and bad fruits, and abundant in branches—expands greatly.

50. ברגע ירידתן של התופעות הללו, עולה בורות (או לחלופין, הידע על האמת מתייצב); בעקבות זאת, עץ סבך הקיום התופעתי (סַמְסָארָה), על מאות אלפי גזעיו וענפיו המרובים, הנושא שפע פירות מגוונים של מעשים טובים ורעים, פושט ומתרחב.

Words meanings summery:

• अवतीर्णानाम् (avatīrṇānām) - of those descended, of those manifested

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, of those

• अवतरण-समकालम् (avataraṇa-samakālam) - at the same time as descent/manifestation

• एव (eva) - precisely (exactly, only, even)

• अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance, nescience

• उदेति (udeti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

• तत्त्व-ज्ञानं (tattva-jñānaṁ) - apprehension of reality (true knowledge, knowledge of reality)

• दृढताम् (dṛḍhatām) - firmness, strength, rigidity

• एति (eti) - becomes (goes, attains, reaches, becomes)

• तदनु (tadanu) - thereafter, then, subsequently

• शत-सहस्र-स्कन्धः (śata-sahasra-skandhaḥ) - having hundreds of thousands of branches/trunks

• विचित्र-शुभ-अशुभ-फल-भर-फलितः (vicitra-śubha-aśubha-phala-bhara-phalitaḥ) - bearing the burden of varied good and bad fruits

• भूरि-शाखः (bhūri-śākhaḥ) - having many branches

• स्फारताम् (sphāratām) - vastness, expansion

• एति (eti) - expands (attains vastness) (goes, attains, reaches, becomes)

• संसार-द्रुमः (saṁsāra-drumaḥ) - the tree of saṃsāra

Words meanings and morphology

अवतीर्णानाम् (avatīrṇānām) - of those descended, of those manifested

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of avatīrṇa

avatīrṇa - descended, manifested, alighted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `tṛ` (to cross) with `ava` (down).

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `teṣām`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, of those

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, them

Note: Refers to the entities that have manifested.

अवतरण-समकालम् (avataraṇa-samakālam) - at the same time as descent/manifestation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avataraṇa-samakāla

avataraṇa-samakāla - the same time as descent/manifestation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avataraṇa+samakāla)

• avataraṇa – descent, manifestation, incarnation
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root `tṛ` (to cross) with `ava` and suffix `ana`.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: tṛ (class 1)
• samakāla – same time, simultaneous
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

एव (eva) - precisely (exactly, only, even)

(indeclinable)

अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance, nescience

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance

Compound of `a` (not) and `vidyā` (knowledge).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vidyā – knowledge, learning
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject.

उदेति (udeti) - arises, comes forth, ascends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ud-i

present indicative, active voice

2nd class verb (Adādi), active voice (parasmaipada), present tense, 3rd person singular. Root `i` (to go) with prefix `ud` (up, forth).

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Verb for `avidyā`.

तत्त्व-ज्ञानं (tattva-jñānaṁ) - apprehension of reality (true knowledge, knowledge of reality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tattva-jñāna

tattva-jñāna - knowledge of truth/reality, true knowledge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+jñāna)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• jñāna – knowledge
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject.

दृढताम् (dṛḍhatām) - firmness, strength, rigidity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dṛḍhatā

dṛḍhatā - firmness, strength, rigidity

Derived from `dṛḍha` (firm, strong) with suffix `tā`.

Note: Object of `eti` (to attain/become).

एति (eti) - becomes (goes, attains, reaches, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

present indicative, active voice

2nd class verb (Adādi), active voice (parasmaipada), present tense, 3rd person singular. Used with accusative to mean 'attain' or 'become'.

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Verb for `tattva-jñānaṃ`.

तदनु (tadanu) - thereafter, then, subsequently

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of sequence.

शत-सहस्र-स्कन्धः (śata-sahasra-skandhaḥ) - having hundreds of thousands of branches/trunks

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śata-sahasra-skandha

śata-sahasra-skandha - having hundreds of thousands of trunks/branches

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+sahasra+skandha)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• skandha – trunk, branch, shoulder
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `saṃsāra-drumaḥ`.

विचित्र-शुभ-अशुभ-फल-भर-फलितः (vicitra-śubha-aśubha-phala-bhara-phalitaḥ) - bearing the burden of varied good and bad fruits

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicitra-śubhāśubha-phala-bhara-phalita

vicitra-śubhāśubha-phala-bhara-phalita - bearing the burden of varied good and bad fruits

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vicitra+śubha-aśubha+phala+bhara+phalita)

• vicitra – varied, diverse, wonderful
  adjective (neuter)
• śubha-aśubha – good and bad
  adjective (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)
• bhara – burden, load, abundance
  noun (masculine)
• phalita – fruited, bearing fruit
  adjective (masculine)
  denominative participle
  Derived from `phala` (fruit) with the suffix `ita` meaning 'having fruit'.

Note: Qualifies `saṃsāra-drumaḥ`.

भूरि-शाखः (bhūri-śākhaḥ) - having many branches

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūri-śākha

bhūri-śākha - having many branches

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhūri+śākha)

• bhūri – much, many, abundant
  adjective (neuter)
• śākha – branch
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `saṃsāra-drumaḥ`.

स्फारताम् (sphāratām) - vastness, expansion

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sphāratā

sphāratā - vastness, amplitude, expansion

Derived from `sphāra` (vast, expansive) with suffix `tā`.

Note: Object of `eti` (to attain).

एति (eti) - expands (attains vastness) (goes, attains, reaches, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

present indicative, active voice

2nd class verb (Adādi), active voice (parasmaipada), present tense, 3rd person singular. Used with accusative to mean 'attain' or 'become'.

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Verb for `saṃsāra-drumaḥ`.

संसार-द्रुमः (saṁsāra-drumaḥ) - the tree of saṃsāra

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra-druma

saṁsāra-druma - the tree of transmigratory existence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+druma)

• saṃsāra – cycle of birth, death, and rebirth; worldly existence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Main subject.

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