योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-39, verse-46

नश्यतीह हि तद्वस्तु नात्मभूतं यदात्मनः ।
कथं नश्यति तद्वस्तु स्वात्मभूतं यदात्मनः ॥ ४६ ॥

naśyatīha hi tadvastu nātmabhūtaṃ yadātmanaḥ ,
kathaṃ naśyati tadvastu svātmabhūtaṃ yadātmanaḥ 46

46. naśyati iha hi tat vastu na ātmabhūtam yat ātmanaḥ
katham naśyati tat vastu svātambhūtam yat ātmanaḥ

46. iha hi yat vastu ātmanaḥ na ātmabhūtam,
tat naśyati.
yat vastu ātmanaḥ sva-ātmabhūtam,
tat katham naśyati?

46. Indeed, that thing which is not the intrinsic nature (ātman) of the self perishes here. But how can that thing perish which is the very intrinsic nature (ātman) of one's own self?

Words meanings summery:

• नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, disappears

• इह (iha) - in this empirical existence (here, in this world, now)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• वस्तु (vastu) - thing, object, substance, reality

• न (na) - not, no

• आत्मभूतम् (ātmabhūtam) - the intrinsic nature (ātman) of the self (born from the self, inherent in the self, of the nature of the self)

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, disappears

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• वस्तु (vastu) - thing, object, substance, reality

• स्वातम्भूतम् (svātambhūtam) - the very intrinsic nature (ātman) of one's own self (inherent in one's own self, one's intrinsic nature, self-existent)

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman)

Words meanings and morphology

नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Root naś, present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: naś (class 4)

इह (iha) - in this empirical existence (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'tad'

वस्तु (vastu) - thing, object, substance, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - thing, object, substance, reality, matter

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आत्मभूतम् (ātmabhūtam) - the intrinsic nature (ātman) of the self (born from the self, inherent in the self, of the nature of the self)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātmabhūta

ātmabhūta - born from the self, inherent in the self, of the nature of the self

Tatpuruṣa compound of ātman and bhūta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+bhūta)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, been, existing, being
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modified by 'na'.

यत् (yat) - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'yad'

Note: Relative pronoun for 'vastu'.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Refers to the universal or individual self.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Root naś, present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: naś (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'tad'

वस्तु (vastu) - thing, object, substance, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - thing, object, substance, reality, matter

स्वातम्भूतम् (svātambhūtam) - the very intrinsic nature (ātman) of one's own self (inherent in one's own self, one's intrinsic nature, self-existent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svātmabhūta

svātmabhūta - inherent in one's own self, one's intrinsic nature, self-existent

Compound of sva, ātman, and bhūta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+ātman+bhūta)

• sva – one's own, self, private
  pronoun (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, been, existing, being
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'yad'

Note: Relative pronoun for 'vastu'.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Refers to the universal or individual self.