योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-86, verse-28

सामन्तसंपत्किंनाम राजानो हि महेश्वराः ।
का नाम संपद्भूपानां सम्राडिह महेश्वरः ॥ २८ ॥

sāmantasaṃpatkiṃnāma rājāno hi maheśvarāḥ ,
kā nāma saṃpadbhūpānāṃ samrāḍiha maheśvaraḥ 28

28. sāmanta-saṃpat kim nāma rājānaḥ hi maheśvarāḥ |
kā nāma saṃpat bhūpānām samrāṭ iha maheśvaraḥ ||

28. sāmanta-saṃpat kim nāma? rājānaḥ hi maheśvarāḥ.
bhūpānām saṃpat kā nāma? iha samrāṭ maheśvaraḥ.

28. What is this so-called wealth of feudatories? Kings are indeed great lords. And what is the wealth of kings? For here, an emperor is the supreme lord.

28. אך מהי עשירותו של שליט פלך לעומת מלכים? ומהי עוצמתם של מלכים לעומת הקיסר, שהוא השליט העליון מכולם?

Words meanings summery:

• सामन्त-संपत् (sāmanta-saṁpat) - wealth of feudatories, resources of vassals

• किम् (kim) - what indeed, what is the value of (what, how, why)

• नाम (nāma) - so-called, indeed (emphasizing a rhetorical question) (by name, indeed, called)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

• महेश्वराः (maheśvarāḥ) - great lords, supreme rulers

• का (kā) - what indeed, what is the value of (what, which (feminine singular))

• नाम (nāma) - so-called, indeed (emphasizing a rhetorical question) (by name, indeed, called)

• संपत् (saṁpat) - wealth, prosperity, success

• भूपानाम् (bhūpānām) - of kings, of rulers

• सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign ruler

• इह (iha) - here (in this hierarchy of power/importance) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - great lord, supreme ruler

Words meanings and morphology

सामन्त-संपत् (sāmanta-saṁpat) - wealth of feudatories, resources of vassals

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sāmanta-saṃpad

sāmanta-saṁpad - wealth of feudatories, resources of vassals

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāmanta+sampad)

• sāmanta – feudatory, vassal, neighboring ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sampad – wealth, prosperity, success, attainment
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: External sandhi undone: final 't' before 'k' remains 't' or becomes 'n' (as in 'kin'). Here, 't' from 'sampat' is preserved before 'kim'.

किम् (kim) - what indeed, what is the value of (what, how, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

नाम (nāma) - so-called, indeed (emphasizing a rhetorical question) (by name, indeed, called)

(indeclinable)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: External sandhi: 'ḥ' changes to 'o' before voiced consonants or 'h'.

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

महेश्वराः (maheśvarāḥ) - great lords, supreme rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheśvara

maheśvara - great lord, supreme ruler, a name of Shiva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'īś' (to rule).
  Root: īś (class 2)

का (kā) - what indeed, what is the value of (what, which (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Note: Feminine form matching 'saṃpat'.

नाम (nāma) - so-called, indeed (emphasizing a rhetorical question) (by name, indeed, called)

(indeclinable)

संपत् (saṁpat) - wealth, prosperity, success

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sampad

sampad - wealth, prosperity, success, attainment

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: External sandhi: 'd' before a voiced consonant ('bh') becomes 'd'.

भूपानाम् (bhūpānām) - of kings, of rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūpa

bhūpa - king, ruler (lit. protector of the earth)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+pa)

• bhū – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samrāṭ

samrāṭ - emperor, sovereign ruler, universal monarch

Prefix: sam

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: External sandhi: final 'ṭ' changes to 'ḍ' before a vowel or voiced consonant.

इह (iha) - here (in this hierarchy of power/importance) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - great lord, supreme ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - great lord, supreme ruler, a name of Shiva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'īś' (to rule).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative to 'samrāṭ'.

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