योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-86, verse-29

किं नाम तन्महेन्द्रत्वं यन्मुहूर्तं प्रजापतेः ।
विनश्यति न यत्कल्पे किं स्यात्तदिह शोभनम् ॥ २९ ॥

kiṃ nāma tanmahendratvaṃ yanmuhūrtaṃ prajāpateḥ ,
vinaśyati na yatkalpe kiṃ syāttadiha śobhanam 29

29. kim nāma tat mahendratvam yat muhūrtam prajāpateḥ |
vinaśyati na yat kalpe kim syāt tat iha śobhanam ||

29. yat muhūrtam prajāpateḥ tat mahendratvam kim nāma? yat kalpe na vinaśyati,
tat iha kim śobhanam syāt?

29. What indeed is that status of a great Indra (mahendratva), which is but a moment in the lifespan of a Prajāpati? That which does not perish even for an entire aeon (kalpa)—what else here could be considered truly auspicious?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what indeed, what is the value of (what, how, why)

• नाम (nāma) - so-called, indeed (emphasizing a rhetorical question) (by name, indeed, called)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to mahendratva) (that, it)

• महेन्द्रत्वम् (mahendratvam) - the status of a great Indra (mahendratva) (the state/status of a great Indra)

• यत् (yat) - which (refers to mahendratva) (which, that (relative pronoun))

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a mere moment (emphasizing brevity) (a moment, a short time (duration of 48 minutes))

• प्रजापतेः (prajāpateḥ) - of a Prajāpati (in the sense of Brahma, the creator, whose day/night cycles are kalpas) (of Prajāpati (lord of creatures, Brahma))

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

• न (na) - not, no

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, that (relative pronoun))

• कल्पे (kalpe) - even for an entire aeon (kalpa) (in an aeon, in a kalpa)

• किम् (kim) - what else (could be) (what, how, why)

• स्यात् (syāt) - could be, would be (may be, let it be, would be)

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• इह (iha) - here (in this transient existence) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• शोभनम् (śobhanam) - truly auspicious, good (beautiful, excellent, auspicious, good)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what indeed, what is the value of (what, how, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Note: External sandhi undone: original 'm' before 'n' in 'nāma'.

नाम (nāma) - so-called, indeed (emphasizing a rhetorical question) (by name, indeed, called)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (referring to mahendratva) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: External sandhi undone: original 't' before 'm' in 'mahendratvam'.

महेन्द्रत्वम् (mahendratvam) - the status of a great Indra (mahendratva) (the state/status of a great Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahendratva

mahendratva - the state, condition, or status of being a great Indra

Derived from 'mahendra' with suffix '-tva' (abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+indra+tva)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• indra – Indra (king of gods), chief
  proper noun (masculine)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, '-ness', '-hood'
  suffix (neuter)

Note: External sandhi undone: original 'm' before 'y' in 'yat'.

यत् (yat) - which (refers to mahendratva) (which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what (relative pronoun)

Note: External sandhi undone: original 't' before 'm' in 'muhūrtam'.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a mere moment (emphasizing brevity) (a moment, a short time (duration of 48 minutes))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, an instant, a traditional time unit (approx. 48 minutes)

Note: Neuter nominative/accusative singular, functioning as a predicate.

प्रजापतेः (prajāpateḥ) - of a Prajāpati (in the sense of Brahma, the creator, whose day/night cycles are kalpas) (of Prajāpati (lord of creatures, Brahma))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creatures, creator, Brahma, a divine being

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+pati)

• prajā – offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the temporal scale associated with Prajāpati.

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vinash

present active

Derived from root 'naś' (to disappear, perish) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation for the verb 'vinaśyati'.

यत् (yat) - that which (which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to something imperishable, which will be identified as 'brahmatvam' in the next verse.

कल्पे (kalpe) - even for an entire aeon (kalpa) (in an aeon, in a kalpa)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kalpa

kalpa - a cosmic day of Brahma, an aeon, a very long period of time

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Used with 'na' and 'yat' to denote something that does not perish even in such a vast time.

किम् (kim) - what else (could be) (what, how, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Note: External sandhi undone: original 'm' before 's'.

स्यात् (syāt) - could be, would be (may be, let it be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

optative active

3rd person singular optative active of root 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Corresponds to 'yat' from earlier in the line. External sandhi undone: original 't' before 'i'.

इह (iha) - here (in this transient existence) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

शोभनम् (śobhanam) - truly auspicious, good (beautiful, excellent, auspicious, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śobhana

śobhana - beautiful, splendid, auspicious, good, fortunate

Derived from root 'śubh' (to shine, be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'yat' and 'tat'.