योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-86, verse-22

स्वल्पेनैव हि कालेन प्रावृषेव नवाम्बुदाः ।
ते सप्तवर्षवयसो बभूवुर्ज्ञातवाङ्मयाः ॥ २२ ॥

svalpenaiva hi kālena prāvṛṣeva navāmbudāḥ ,
te saptavarṣavayaso babhūvurjñātavāṅmayāḥ 22

22. svalpena eva hi kālena prāvṛṣā iva navāmbudāḥ
te saptavarṣavayasaḥ babhūvuḥ jñātavāṅmayāḥ

22. hi svalpena kālena prāvṛṣā iva navāmbudāḥ
te saptavarṣavayasaḥ jñātavāṅmayāḥ babhūvuḥ

22. Indeed, in a very short time, just as new clouds appear in the rainy season, they became seven years of age and knowledgeable in the sacred texts (vāṅmaya).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वल्पेन (svalpena) - by a very short/little (time)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time

• प्रावृषा (prāvṛṣā) - by the rainy season

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• नवाम्बुदाः (navāmbudāḥ) - new clouds

• ते (te) - they

• सप्तवर्षवयसः (saptavarṣavayasaḥ) - of seven years of age

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became

• ज्ञातवाङ्मयाः (jñātavāṅmayāḥ) - proficient in the sacred texts (vāṅmaya) (knowing sacred texts, learned in scriptures)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वल्पेन (svalpena) - by a very short/little (time)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svalpa

svalpa - very little, small, short

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+alpa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• alpa – little, small
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `kālena`.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period

प्रावृषा (prāvṛṣā) - by the rainy season

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prāvṛṣ

prāvṛṣ - rainy season, monsoon

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Often spelled `prāvṛt` or `prāvṛṣ` (ending in `ṣ`). `prāvṛṣā` is the instrumental singular form.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

नवाम्बुदाः (navāmbudāḥ) - new clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of navāmbuda

navāmbuda - new cloud

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nava+ambuda)

• nava – new, fresh
  adjective (masculine)
• ambuda – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  From `ambu` (water) + `da` (giver, from root `dā`)

Note: Used in comparison to the children.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sons.

सप्तवर्षवयसः (saptavarṣavayasaḥ) - of seven years of age

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saptavarṣavayasa

saptavarṣavayasa - seven years old

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sapta-varṣa+vayas)

• sapta – seven
  numeral
• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• vayas – age, strength, vigor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `te`.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: From root `bhū` (to be).

ज्ञातवाङ्मयाः (jñātavāṅmayāḥ) - proficient in the sacred texts (vāṅmaya) (knowing sacred texts, learned in scriptures)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñātavāṅmaya

jñātavāṅmaya - having known the sacred speech/texts

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jñāta+vāṅmaya)

• jñāta – known, understood
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vāṅmaya – consisting of speech, sacred texts, literature (vāṅmaya)
  noun (neuter)
  From `vāc` (speech) + `mayaṭ` suffix (made of)

Note: Qualifies `te`.