योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-110, verse-16

मनो यदि पदार्थे तु तद्भावेन न योजयेत् ।
ततः सूर्योदयेऽप्येते न प्रकाशाः कदाचन ॥ १६ ॥

mano yadi padārthe tu tadbhāvena na yojayet ,
tataḥ sūryodaye'pyete na prakāśāḥ kadācana 16

16. manaḥ yadi padārthe tu tat bhāvena na yojayet
tataḥ sūrya udaye api ete na prakāśāḥ kadācana

16. yadi manaḥ tu padārthe tadbhāvena na yojayet
tataḥ sūryodaye api ete kadācana na prakāśāḥ

16. If the mind (manas) does not connect with an object (padārtha) through its own inherent nature, then even when the sun rises, these objects will never appear luminous.

Words meanings summery:

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• पदार्थे (padārthe) - in an object, in a category

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the nature of the object (padārtha). (that)

• भावेन (bhāvena) - by the nature, by the state

• न (na) - not

• योजयेत् (yojayet) - should connect, should apply, should yoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

• सूर्य (sūrya) - sun

• उदये (udaye) - at rising, at dawn

• अपि (api) - even, also

• एते (ete) - these

• न (na) - not

• प्रकाशाः (prakāśāḥ) - luminous, manifest, illuminated

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never, at any time

Words meanings and morphology

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

पदार्थे (padārthe) - in an object, in a category

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of padārtha

padārtha - meaning of a word, category, object, thing

Compound: pada (word) + artha (meaning/object)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pada+artha)

• pada – foot, step, word, position
  noun (neuter)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used for emphasis or contrast.

तत् (tat) - Referring to the nature of the object (padārtha). (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Here, part of the compound 'tadbhāvena'.

भावेन (bhāvena) - by the nature, by the state

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - being, state, nature, disposition, existence

From root bhū- (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Combines with 'tat' to form 'tadbhāvena' (by its nature).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'yojayet'.

योजयेत् (yojayet) - should connect, should apply, should yoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yuj

Causative of root yuj-

Root: yuj (class 7)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the consequence clause.

सूर्य (sūrya) - sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

Note: Part of the compound 'sūryodaye'.

उदये (udaye) - at rising, at dawn

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of udaya

udaya - rising, ascent, dawn, prosperity

Compound: ut (up) + aya (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ut+aya)

• ud – up, forth
  indeclinable
  Prefix: ud
• aya – going, coming, approach
  noun (masculine)
  From root i- (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Forms the compound 'sūryodaye' (at sunrise).

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that even under favorable conditions (sunrise), objects remain unperceived.

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etas

etas - this, these

Note: Refers to the 'padārthāḥ' (objects) implied.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'prakāśāḥ'.

प्रकाशाः (prakāśāḥ) - luminous, manifest, illuminated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prakāśa

prakāśa - light, brightness, manifestation, fame

From pra- (forth) + root kāś- (to shine)

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate adjective with an implied verb 'to be'.

कदाचन (kadācana) - never, at any time

(indeclinable)

Compound: kadā (when) + cana (even)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kadā+cana)

• kadā – when
  indeclinable
• cana – even, also
  indeclinable

Note: Reinforces the negation.