वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-99, verse-5

स त्वं मानुषमात्रेण रामेण युधि निर्जितः ।
न व्यपत्रपसे राजन् किमिदं राक्षसर्षभ ॥५॥

5. sa tvaṃ mānuṣamātreṇa rāmeṇa yudhi nirjitaḥ ,
na vyapatrapase rājan kimidaṃ rākṣasarṣabha.

5. sa tvam mānuṣamātreṇa rāmeṇa yudhi nirjitaḥ
na vyapatrapase rājan kim idam rākṣasarṣabha

5. rājan rākṣasarṣabha sa tvam mānuṣamātreṇa
rāmeṇa yudhi nirjitaḥ na vyapatrapase idam kim

5. O king, O chief among rākṣasas, you, having been defeated in battle by a mere human, Rama, are you not ashamed of this? What is this?

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - you (referring to the renowned you, Rāvaṇa) (he, that, such a one)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rāvaṇa) (you)

• मानुषमात्रेण (mānuṣamātreṇa) - by Rama, who is considered just a human (by a mere human, by only a man)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Lord Rama (by Rama)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - conquered, defeated, vanquished

• न (na) - not, no

• व्यपत्रपसे (vyapatrapase) - you are ashamed, you feel disgrace

• राजन् (rājan) - O Rāvaṇa, king of rākṣasas (O king)

• किम् (kim) - what (is this situation) (what, why, how)

• इदम् (idam) - this (situation of being unashamed) (this)

• राक्षसर्षभ (rākṣasarṣabha) - O Rāvaṇa, who is supposed to be the best of rākṣasas (O best of rākṣasas, O chief of demons)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - you (referring to the renowned you, Rāvaṇa) (he, that, such a one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the implied 'you' (Rāvaṇa), with emphasis on his past glory.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Rāvaṇa) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

मानुषमात्रेण (mānuṣamātreṇa) - by Rama, who is considered just a human (by a mere human, by only a man)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mānuṣamātra

mānuṣamātra - a mere human, only a man

Compound of mānuṣa and mātra.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mānuṣa+mātra)

• mānuṣa – human, relating to humans
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from manu (man) + aṣa (suffix).
• mātra – only, mere, just, measure
  indeclinable

Note: Qualifies 'rāmeṇa'.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Lord Rama (by Rama)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated hero, seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agent of the action 'nirjitaḥ'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Denotes the location/context of the defeat.

निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - conquered, defeated, vanquished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From prefix nis + root ji + suffix kta.

Prefix: nis

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of 'tvam'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'vyapatrapase'.

व्यपत्रपसे (vyapatrapase) - you are ashamed, you feel disgrace

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vyapatrap

Present Tense, Middle Voice

From prefix vi + prefix apa + root trap (class 1).

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: trap (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O Rāvaṇa, king of rākṣasas (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Rāvaṇa.

किम् (kim) - what (is this situation) (what, why, how)

(interrogative pronoun)

इदम् (idam) - this (situation of being unashamed) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the situation.

राक्षसर्षभ (rākṣasarṣabha) - O Rāvaṇa, who is supposed to be the best of rākṣasas (O best of rākṣasas, O chief of demons)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rākṣasarṣabha

rākṣasarṣabha - best of rākṣasas, chief of demons

Compound of rākṣasa and ṛṣabha.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+ṛṣabha)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Rāvaṇa.