महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-92, verse-21

नागं मणिमयं चैव शरैर्ध्वजमपातयत् ।
हत्वा तु चतुरो वाहांश्चतुर्भिर्निशितैः शरैः ।
सारथिं पातयामास क्षुरप्रेण महायशाः ॥२१॥

21. nāgaṁ maṇimayaṁ caiva śarairdhvajamapātayat ,
hatvā tu caturo vāhāṁścaturbhirniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
sārathiṁ pātayāmāsa kṣurapreṇa mahāyaśāḥ.

21. nāgam maṇimayam ca eva śaraiḥ dhvajam
apātayat hatvā tu caturaḥ vāhān
caturbhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ sārathim
pātayāmāsa kṣurapreṇa mahāyaśāḥ

21. saḥ śaraiḥ maṇimayam nāgam dhvajam
ca eva apātayat tu caturbhiḥ niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ caturaḥ vāhān hatvā mahāyaśāḥ
kṣurapreṇa sārathim pātayāmāsa

21. With his arrows, he also brought down the bejeweled serpent banner. Then, having killed the four horses with four sharp arrows, the greatly renowned one struck down the charioteer with a razor-sharp arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• नागम् (nāgam) - serpent (referring to the emblem on Duryodhana's banner) (serpent, elephant, cloud)

• मणिमयम् (maṇimayam) - bejeweled (made of jewels, jeweled, consisting of gems)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also, indeed (even, only, just, indeed)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• ध्वजम् (dhvajam) - banner (banner, flag, standard, emblem)

• अपातयत् (apātayat) - he struck down, brought down (he made fall, he caused to fall, struck down)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

• तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• वाहान् (vāhān) - horses (horses, carriers, vehicles)

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp (sharpened, keen, sharp)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - the charioteer (charioteer, driver)

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - struck down (he caused to fall, struck down)

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-sharp arrow, with a crescent-shaped arrow)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly renowned one (referring to the archer, e.g., Bhima) (greatly famous, greatly renowned, glorious)

Words meanings and morphology

नागम् (nāgam) - serpent (referring to the emblem on Duryodhana's banner) (serpent, elephant, cloud)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, cloud

मणिमयम् (maṇimayam) - bejeweled (made of jewels, jeweled, consisting of gems)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maṇimaya

maṇimaya - made of jewels, jeweled

Suffix -maya indicates 'made of' or 'full of'.

Note: Adjective modifying 'nāgam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also, indeed (even, only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

ध्वजम् (dhvajam) - banner (banner, flag, standard, emblem)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, emblem

Note: Refers to Duryodhana's banner, which had a serpent emblem.

अपातयत् (apātayat) - he struck down, brought down (he made fall, he caused to fall, struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense, causative stem

Root pat- (to fall), causative stem pātaya- (to cause to fall).

Prefix: a

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Causative verb form.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having struck)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from root han-.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used to indicate an action completed before the main verb.

तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, often indicating a sequence or a slight contrast.

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

वाहान् (vāhān) - horses (horses, carriers, vehicles)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāha

vāha - a carrier, horse, vehicle, flow

From root vah- (to carry, convey).

Root: vah (class 1)

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four

(numeral)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp (sharpened, keen, sharp)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, sharp, resolute

Past Passive Participle

From root śo/śā (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

सारथिम् (sārathim) - the charioteer (charioteer, driver)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver, companion

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - struck down (he caused to fall, struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Periphrastic perfect tense, causative stem

Periphrastic perfect of root pat- (to fall), causative stem pātaya- (to cause to fall). Formed with the auxiliary root ās- (to be).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Causative verb form.

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-sharp arrow, with a crescent-shaped arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - a razor-sharp arrow, an arrow with a crescent head

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣura+pra)

• kṣura – razor, knife
  noun (masculine)
• pra – forth, forward, very, excellent
  indeclinable

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly renowned one (referring to the archer, e.g., Bhima) (greatly famous, greatly renowned, glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly famous, glorious, illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, honor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implicit subject of the sentence (the archer).