महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-92, verse-14

माधवस्तु रणे राजन्कुरुराजस्य धन्विनः ।
धनुश्चिच्छेद सहसा क्षुरप्रेण हसन्निव ।
अथैनं छिन्नधन्वानं शरैर्बहुभिराचिनोत् ॥१४॥

14. mādhavastu raṇe rājankururājasya dhanvinaḥ ,
dhanuściccheda sahasā kṣurapreṇa hasanniva ,
athainaṁ chinnadhanvānaṁ śarairbahubhirācinot.

14. mādhavaḥ tu raṇe rājan kururājasya
dhanvinaḥ dhanuḥ ciccheda sahasā
kṣurapreṇa hasan iva atha enam
chinnadhanvānam śaraiḥ bahubhiḥ ācinot

14. rājan tu raṇe mādhavaḥ sahasā
kṣurapreṇa hasan iva dhanvinaḥ kururājasya
dhanuḥ ciccheda atha enam
chinnadhanvānam bahubhiḥ śaraiḥ ācinot

14. But in that battle, O king (Dhritarashtra), Madhava (Satyaki) swiftly broke the bow of the archer, the Kuru king (Duryodhana), with a razor-sharp arrow, as if laughing. Then he assailed that warrior, whose bow was severed, with many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• माधवः (mādhavaḥ) - Satyaki, a descendant of Madhu. (Madhava)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhritarashtra, to whom the narration is addressed. (O king)

• कुरुराजस्य (kururājasya) - of Duryodhana. (of the Kuru king)

• धन्विनः (dhanvinaḥ) - of the archer Kuru king (Duryodhana). (of the archer)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - the Kuru king's bow (bow)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - broke the bow (cut, broke, severed)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcibly

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a specific type of arrow. (with a razor-sharp arrow)

• हसन् (hasan) - as if laughing, indicating confidence or disdain. (laughing, smiling)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अथ (atha) - then, next, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - the Kuru king (Duryodhana) (him, this one)

• छिन्नधन्वानम् (chinnadhanvānam) - Duryodhana, after his bow was broken. (one whose bow is broken/severed)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many arrows. (by many)

• आचिनोत् (ācinot) - covered him with arrows. (covered, assailed)

Words meanings and morphology

माधवः (mādhavaḥ) - Satyaki, a descendant of Madhu. (Madhava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu; Krishna; Satyaki (a Vrishni hero)

From Madhu + -a (patronymic).

Note: Subject of 'ciccheda' and 'ācinot'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Locative singular of 'raṇa'.

Root: raṇ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhritarashtra, to whom the narration is addressed. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Vocative singular form of 'rājan'.

कुरुराजस्य (kururājasya) - of Duryodhana. (of the Kuru king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kururāja

kururāja - king of the Kurus

Compound of Kuru (proper noun) and rājan (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+rājan)

• kuru – a member of the Kuru dynasty; the region of Kurukshetra
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dhanvinaḥ'.

धन्विनः (dhanvinaḥ) - of the archer Kuru king (Duryodhana). (of the archer)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, armed with a bow

From dhanus (bow) + -in (possessive suffix).

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - the Kuru king's bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - broke the bow (cut, broke, severed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of chid

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root √chid.

Root: chid (class 7)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a specific type of arrow. (with a razor-sharp arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - razor-sharp arrow, an arrow with a crescent-shaped head

Instrumental singular of 'kṣurapra'.

हसन् (hasan) - as if laughing, indicating confidence or disdain. (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasat

hasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

From root √has (to laugh), present participle.

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

अथ (atha) - then, next, moreover

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing a new sentence or sequence.

एनम् (enam) - the Kuru king (Duryodhana) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that (pronoun)

Accusative singular masculine of 'etad'.

छिन्नधन्वानम् (chinnadhanvānam) - Duryodhana, after his bow was broken. (one whose bow is broken/severed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - one whose bow is cut/broken

Bahuvrihi compound: chinna (cut, broken) + dhanvan (bow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, broken, severed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √chid (to cut).
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Instrumental plural of 'śara'.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many arrows. (by many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

Instrumental plural masculine of 'bahu'.

आचिनोत् (ācinot) - covered him with arrows. (covered, assailed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ci

Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From root √ci (to gather, collect) with prefix ā- and augment 'a' for imperfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: ci (class 5)