महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-157, verse-17

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
विरोधी च कुमन्त्री च प्राज्ञमानी ममात्मजः ।
यस्यैष समतिक्रान्तो वधोपायो जयं प्रति ॥१७॥

17. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
virodhī ca kumantrī ca prājñamānī mamātmajaḥ ,
yasyaiṣa samatikrānto vadhopāyo jayaṁ prati.

17. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca virodhī ca kumantrī ca prājñamānī mama
ātmajaḥ yasya eṣaḥ samatikrāntaḥ vadhopāyaḥ jayam prati

17. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca mama ātmajaḥ virodhī ca kumantrī ca
prājñamānī yasya eṣaḥ jayam prati vadhopāyaḥ samatikrāntaḥ

17. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: My son, who is both hostile and a bad counselor, and who imagines himself to be wise, has now seen this means of killing (vadhopāya), which was intended for victory, completely fail.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the king))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विरोधी (virodhī) - hostile, antagonist, opponent

• च (ca) - both (and, also)

• कुमन्त्री (kumantrī) - bad counselor

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्राज्ञमानी (prājñamānī) - considering oneself wise, conceited as learned

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - my son (Duryodhana) (son, born of oneself)

• यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose, for whom)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (means of killing) (this, this one)

• समतिक्रान्तः (samatikrāntaḥ) - failed, gone awry (surpassed, gone beyond, failed, passed away)

• वधोपायः (vadhopāyaḥ) - this means of killing (vadhopāya) (means of killing, method of slaying)

• जयम् (jayam) - victory, conquest

• प्रति (prati) - intended for (towards, regarding, for, against)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

Compound: dhṛta (held/supported) + rāṣṭra (kingdom). Meaning 'he who holds the kingdom'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported, borne
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root dhṛ (to hold) + kta.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular. Irregular form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

विरोधी (virodhī) - hostile, antagonist, opponent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virodhin

virodhin - hostile, antagonistic, opposing, opponent

Derived from vi-rudh + ṇini suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Qualifies ātmajaḥ.

च (ca) - both (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice (ca ... ca) to mean 'both ... and'.

कुमन्त्री (kumantrī) - bad counselor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumantrin

kumantrin - bad counselor, evil minister

Compound type : tatpurusha (ku+mantrin)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible (prefix)
  indeclinable
• mantrin – counselor, minister
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: Qualifies ātmajaḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice (ca ... ca) to mean 'both ... and'.

प्राज्ञमानी (prājñamānī) - considering oneself wise, conceited as learned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājñamānin

prājñamānin - considering oneself wise, conceited, vainly imagining oneself learned

Derived from prājña (wise) + mānin (thinking, imagining).

Compound type : tatpurusha (prājña+mānin)

• prājña – wise, learned, intelligent
  adjective
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• mānin – thinking, imagining, proud, conceited
  adjective
  Derived from root man (to think) + ṇini suffix.
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies ātmajaḥ.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying ātmajaḥ.

आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - my son (Duryodhana) (son, born of oneself)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, born of oneself, born from the body

Compound: ātman (self) + ja (born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Derived from root jan (to be born) + ḍa suffix.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence, referring to Duryodhana.

यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to ātmajaḥ (Duryodhana).

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (means of killing) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the 'vadhopāya'.

समतिक्रान्तः (samatikrāntaḥ) - failed, gone awry (surpassed, gone beyond, failed, passed away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samatikrānta

samatikrānta - surpassed, gone beyond, transgressed, elapsed, failed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-ati-kram (to pass over, transgress) + kta suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies vadhopāyaḥ.

वधोपायः (vadhopāyaḥ) - this means of killing (vadhopāya) (means of killing, method of slaying)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhopāya

vadhopāya - means of killing, method of slaying

Compound: vadha (killing) + upāya (means).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vadha+upāya)

• vadha – killing, slaying, murder
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• upāya – means, method, stratagem
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of samatikrāntaḥ.

जयम् (jayam) - victory, conquest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - intended for (towards, regarding, for, against)

(indeclinable)