महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-157, verse-11

संजय उवाच ।
एतच्चिकीर्षितं ज्ञात्वा कर्णे मधुनिहा नृप ।
नियोजयामास तदा द्वैरथे राक्षसेश्वरम् ॥११॥

11. saṁjaya uvāca ,
etaccikīrṣitaṁ jñātvā karṇe madhunihā nṛpa ,
niyojayāmāsa tadā dvairathe rākṣaseśvaram.

11. sañjaya uvāca etat cikīrṣitam jñātvā karṇe madhunihā
nṛpa niyojayāmāsa tadā dvairathe rākṣaseśvaram

11. sañjaya uvāca nṛpa madhunihā karṇe etat cikīrṣitam
jñātvā tadā rākṣaseśvaram dvairathe niyojayāmāsa

11. Sañjaya said: O King, then Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of Madhu, understanding this intention regarding Karṇa, appointed the lord of the rākṣasas (Ghaṭotkaca) for a duel.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (the charioteer reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Sañjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• एतत् (etat) - this

• चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - this desired act or intention (desired, intended, wished for)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, understanding

• कर्णे (karṇe) - in Karṇa, concerning Karṇa

• मधुनिहा (madhunihā) - Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa) (slayer of Madhu)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• नियोजयामास (niyojayāmāsa) - he appointed, he engaged

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• द्वैरथे (dvairathe) - in a duel, in single combat

• राक्षसेश्वरम् (rākṣaseśvaram) - Ghaṭotkaca, the lord of rākṣasas (the lord of rākṣasas, chief of demons)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (the charioteer reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - this desired act or intention (desired, intended, wished for)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cikīrṣita

cikīrṣita - desired, wished to be done, intended

Past Passive Participle

Desiderative stem of kṛ (cikīrṣā) + kta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, understanding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root jñā + tvā suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

कर्णे (karṇe) - in Karṇa, concerning Karṇa

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name)

मधुनिहा (madhunihā) - Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa) (slayer of Madhu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhunihan

madhunihan - slayer of Madhu

Compound formed from Madhu (a demon) and nihan (slayer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+nihan)

• madhu – Madhu (name of a demon); honey; sweet
  noun (masculine)
• nihan – slaying, killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root han (to strike/kill) with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)

नृप (nṛpa) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of nṛ (man) + pā (protector)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

नियोजयामास (niyojayāmāsa) - he appointed, he engaged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of niyuj

Causative perfect form

Root yuj with prefix ni, causative stem yojaya, perfect tense form

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

द्वैरथे (dvairathe) - in a duel, in single combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvairatha

dvairatha - single combat, duel

From dviratha (two chariots), implying combat between two chariots/warriors

Compound type : dvandva (implied) or tatpuruṣa (dvi+ratha)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

राक्षसेश्वरम् (rākṣaseśvaram) - Ghaṭotkaca, the lord of rākṣasas (the lord of rākṣasas, chief of demons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas

Compound of rākṣasa (demon) and īśvara (lord)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – a rākṣasa, a demon
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)