महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-54, verse-5

तत्र तल्लाघवं दृष्ट्वा बीभत्सोरतिमानुषम् ।
देवदानवगन्धर्वाः पिशाचोरगराक्षसाः ।
साधु साध्विति राजेन्द्र फल्गुनं प्रत्यपूजयन् ॥५॥

5. tatra tallāghavaṁ dṛṣṭvā bībhatsoratimānuṣam ,
devadānavagandharvāḥ piśācoragarākṣasāḥ ,
sādhu sādhviti rājendra phalgunaṁ pratyapūjayan.

5. tatra tat lāghavam dṛṣṭvā bībhatsoḥ
atimānuṣam devadānavagandharvāḥ
piśācauragarākṣasāḥ sādhu sādhu iti
rājendra phalgunam pratyapūjayan

5. rājendra tatra bībhatsoḥ tat atimānuṣam
lāghavam dṛṣṭvā devadānavagandharvāḥ
piśācauragarākṣasāḥ sādhu
sādhu iti phalgunam pratyapūjayan

5. O king, upon seeing Arjuna's superhuman agility there, the gods, dānavas, gandharvas, piśācas, uragas, and rākṣasas all applauded him, exclaiming, "Excellent! Excellent!"

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, at that point in the battle (there, then, in that place)

• तत् (tat) - Arjuna's (his, that)

• लाघवम् (lāghavam) - exceptional skill in warfare, dexterity (lightness, agility, quickness, skill)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing, after observing (having seen)

• बीभत्सोः (bībhatsoḥ) - of Arjuna, referring to his epithet 'Bibhatsu' (of the one disgusted, of Arjuna)

• अतिमानुषम् (atimānuṣam) - beyond human capability (superhuman, extraordinary)

• देवदानवगन्धर्वाः (devadānavagandharvāḥ) - various celestial and semi-divine beings (gods, dānavas, and gandharvas)

• पिशाचौरगराक्षसाः (piśācauragarākṣasāḥ) - various malevolent or semi-divine beings (piśācas, uragas, and rākṣasas)

• साधु (sādhu) - an exclamation of praise (excellent, good, well done)

• साधु (sādhu) - an exclamation of praise (repeated for emphasis) (excellent, good, well done)

• इति (iti) - marking the end of a direct quote or exclamation (thus, so, such)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O Dhritarashtra (the narrator, Sanjaya, is addressing him) (O king, O best of kings)

• फल्गुनम् (phalgunam) - to Arjuna, another name for him (to Arjuna)

• प्रत्यपूजयन् (pratyapūjayan) - they praised and applauded Arjuna (they honored, they worshipped, they applauded)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, at that point in the battle (there, then, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative case of the pronominal stem 'tad' (that), forming an adverb

तत् (tat) - Arjuna's (his, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Adjective modifying 'lāghavam'.

लाघवम् (lāghavam) - exceptional skill in warfare, dexterity (lightness, agility, quickness, skill)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, agility, skill, dexterity

Derived from 'laghu' (light, quick) with the suffix '-a'

Note: Object of the gerund 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing, after observing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

बीभत्सोः (bībhatsoḥ) - of Arjuna, referring to his epithet 'Bibhatsu' (of the one disgusted, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - disgusted, abhorrent; an epithet of Arjuna (one who is disgusted by evil deeds or cruelty)

Intensive/desiderative stem from root 'bādha' or 'bhī'. Used as a name for Arjuna.

Note: Possessive, indicating whose skill it was.

अतिमानुषम् (atimānuṣam) - beyond human capability (superhuman, extraordinary)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atimānuṣa

atimānuṣa - superhuman, extraordinary, divine

Compound: 'ati' (beyond) + 'mānuṣa' (human)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+mānuṣa)

• ati – beyond, excessively, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• mānuṣa – human, relating to humans
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'manuṣya' (human)

Note: Adjective modifying 'lāghavam'.

देवदानवगन्धर्वाः (devadānavagandharvāḥ) - various celestial and semi-divine beings (gods, dānavas, and gandharvas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devadānavagandharva

devadānavagandharva - gods, dānavas, and gandharvas (collective)

Dvanda compound of 'deva' (god), 'dānava' (demon-like being, son of Danu), and 'gandharva' (celestial musician)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+dānava+gandharva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• dānava – descendant of Danu, a class of demons/asuras
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, a class of semi-divine beings
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'pratyapūjayan'.

पिशाचौरगराक्षसाः (piśācauragarākṣasāḥ) - various malevolent or semi-divine beings (piśācas, uragas, and rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piśācauragarākṣasa

piśācauragarākṣasa - piśācas, uragas, and rākṣasas (collective)

Dvanda compound of 'piśāca' (goblin, demon), 'uraga' (serpent, Naga), and 'rākṣasa' (demon)

Compound type : dvandva (piśāca+uraga+rākṣasa)

• piśāca – goblin, flesh-eating demon
  noun (masculine)
• uraga – serpent, snake (lit. 'chest-goer')
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'uras' (chest) + root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• rākṣasa – demon, malevolent being
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'pratyapūjayan', along with 'devadānavagandharvāḥ'.

साधु (sādhu) - an exclamation of praise (excellent, good, well done)

(indeclinable)

Note: Exclamatory.

साधु (sādhu) - an exclamation of praise (repeated for emphasis) (excellent, good, well done)

(indeclinable)

Note: Exclamatory, repeated for emphasis.

इति (iti) - marking the end of a direct quote or exclamation (thus, so, such)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces or concludes a quote.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O Dhritarashtra (the narrator, Sanjaya, is addressing him) (O king, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, excellent king

Compound: 'rājan' (king) + 'indra' (chief, lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the god)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to Dhritarashtra.

फल्गुनम् (phalgunam) - to Arjuna, another name for him (to Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (born under the Phalguni nakshatra)

Note: Object of 'pratyapūjayan'.

प्रत्यपूजयन् (pratyapūjayan) - they praised and applauded Arjuna (they honored, they worshipped, they applauded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

Imperfect tense, third person plural, active voice. Root 'pūj' with upasarga 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: The prefix 'prati' means "towards, in return".