महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-54, verse-28

यत्र यत्र सुतं तुभ्यं यो यः पश्यति भारत ।
तत्र तत्र न्यवर्तन्त क्षत्रियाणां महारथाः ॥२८॥

28. yatra yatra sutaṁ tubhyaṁ yo yaḥ paśyati bhārata ,
tatra tatra nyavartanta kṣatriyāṇāṁ mahārathāḥ.

28. yatra yatra sutam tubhyam yaḥ yaḥ paśyati bhārata
tatra tatra nyavartanta kṣatriyāṇām mahā-rathāḥ

28. bhārata yatra yatra yaḥ yaḥ tubhyam sutam paśyati,
tatra tatra kṣatriyāṇām mahā-rathāḥ nyavartanta

28. Wherever, O Bhārata, whoever saw your son, there the great charioteers (mahārathas) among the Kṣatriyas turned back.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - wherever (repeated for emphasis) (where, in which place, whenever)

• यत्र (yatra) - wherever (repeated for emphasis) (where, in which place, whenever)

• सुतम् (sutam) - (your) son (son)

• तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - your (genitive sense, 'your son') (to you, for you, your)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (repeated for emphasis) (who, which (relative pronoun))

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (repeated for emphasis) (who, which (relative pronoun))

• पश्यति (paśyati) - he/she/it sees (he/she/it sees, beholds)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

• तत्र (tatra) - there (repeated for emphasis) (there, in that place, then)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (repeated for emphasis) (there, in that place, then)

• न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they (the charioteers) turned back (they turned back, they retreated)

• क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - among the Kṣatriyas (of the Kṣatriyas, among the Kṣatriyas)

• महा-रथाः (mahā-rathāḥ) - great charioteers (high-ranking warriors) (great charioteers, great warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - wherever (repeated for emphasis) (where, in which place, whenever)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from the pronoun 'yad'.

यत्र (yatra) - wherever (repeated for emphasis) (where, in which place, whenever)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from the pronoun 'yad'.

सुतम् (sutam) - (your) son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child, born, produced

Often considered a noun directly from the root √sū (to beget, produce).

Root: √sū (class 2)

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.

तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - your (genitive sense, 'your son') (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, 2nd person pronoun)

Dative case form of the 2nd person pronoun.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (repeated for emphasis) (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (repeated for emphasis) (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

पश्यति (paśyati) - he/she/it sees (he/she/it sees, beholds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √dṛś

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. The root √dṛś undergoes a stem change to 'paśya' in the present tense.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'yaḥ'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, Indian

Patronymic derived from 'bharata' with the suffix -a.

तत्र (tatra) - there (repeated for emphasis) (there, in that place, then)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from the pronoun 'tad'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (repeated for emphasis) (there, in that place, then)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from the pronoun 'tad'.

न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they (the charioteers) turned back (they turned back, they retreated)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of ni-√vṛt

Imperfect Middle

Imperfect 3rd person plural of the root √vṛt (to turn, revolve) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: The main verb, with 'mahā-rathāḥ' as the subject.

क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - among the Kṣatriyas (of the Kṣatriyas, among the Kṣatriyas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior class, royal, belonging to the Kṣatriyas

Note: Indicates the group to which the charioteers belong.

महा-रथाः (mahā-rathāḥ) - great charioteers (high-ranking warriors) (great charioteers, great warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahā-ratha

mahā-ratha - great charioteer, warrior of great prowess

Karmadhāraya compound meaning 'great warrior' or 'one whose chariot is great'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Prefixial form of 'mahat' (great).
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'nyavartanta'.