महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-54, verse-25

वध्यमानं ततस्तत्तु शरैः पार्थस्य संयुगे ।
दुद्राव कौरवं सैन्यं विषादभयकम्पितम् ॥२५॥

25. vadhyamānaṁ tatastattu śaraiḥ pārthasya saṁyuge ,
dudrāva kauravaṁ sainyaṁ viṣādabhayakampitam.

25. vadhya-mānam tatas tat tu śaraiḥ pārthasya saṃyuge
dudrāva kauravam sainyam viṣāda-bhaya-kampitam

25. tatas saṃyuge pārthasya śaraiḥ vadhya-mānam tat
viṣāda-bhaya-kampitam kauravam sainyam tu dudrāva

25. Then, being struck down by the arrows of Pārtha (Arjuna) in battle, that Kaurava army, trembling with dejection and fear, fled.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्य-मानम् (vadhya-mānam) - being struck down (by arrows) (being killed, being struck, being tormented)

• ततस् (tatas) - then, subsequently (then, thence, therefore, from that)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the army) (that, it)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the state (but, indeed, yet, however)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Pārtha (Arjuna) (of Pārtha, of Arjuna (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

• दुद्राव (dudrāva) - it (the army) fled (he/it fled, ran away)

• कौरवम् (kauravam) - Kaurava (referring to the army) (Kaurava, belonging to the Kurus)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, host, military force)

• विषाद-भय-कम्पितम् (viṣāda-bhaya-kampitam) - trembling with dejection and fear (trembling with sorrow and fear, agitated by dejection and fear)

Words meanings and morphology

वध्य-मानम् (vadhya-mānam) - being struck down (by arrows) (being killed, being struck, being tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vadhya-māṇa

vadhya-māṇa - being killed, being struck, being tormented

Present Passive Participle

Formed from the root √vadh (variant of √han, to strike, kill) in the passive voice with the present participle suffix -māṇa.

Root: √vadh (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'sainyam'.

ततस् (tatas) - then, subsequently (then, thence, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas added to the pronoun base 'tad'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the army) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'sainyam'.

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the state (but, indeed, yet, however)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, dart

Note: Indicates the instrument of action.

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Pārtha (Arjuna) (of Pārtha, of Arjuna (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna, prince

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) with the patronymic suffix -a.

Note: Possessive, indicating ownership of the arrows.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, conflict, union

From the root √yuj (to join) with the prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: √yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates the place or context of the action.

दुद्राव (dudrāva) - it (the army) fled (he/it fled, ran away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √dru

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: √dru (class 1)

कौरवम् (kauravam) - Kaurava (referring to the army) (Kaurava, belonging to the Kurus)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kurus

Derived from Kuru with the suffix -a.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, host, military force)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

Derived from 'senā' (army) with the suffix -ya.

Note: Subject of the verb 'dudrāva'.

विषाद-भय-कम्पितम् (viṣāda-bhaya-kampitam) - trembling with dejection and fear (trembling with sorrow and fear, agitated by dejection and fear)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viṣāda-bhaya-kampita

viṣāda-bhaya-kampita - trembling with dejection and fear

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (with an embedded itaretara-dvandva) (viṣāda+bhaya+kampita)

• viṣāda – dejection, sorrow, despondency
  noun (masculine)
  From the root √sad (to sink down) with the prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √sad (class 1)
• bhaya – fear, dread, terror
  noun (neuter)
  From the root √bhī (to fear).
  Root: √bhī (class 3)
• kampita – trembling, shaken, agitated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root √kamp (to tremble) with the suffix -kta.
  Root: √kamp (class 1)