महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-54, verse-44

पाण्डवापि ततो राजञ्श्रुत्वा तं निनदं महत् ।
दध्मुः शङ्खांश्च भेरीश्च मुरजांश्च व्यनादयन् ॥४४॥

44. pāṇḍavāpi tato rājañśrutvā taṁ ninadaṁ mahat ,
dadhmuḥ śaṅkhāṁśca bherīśca murajāṁśca vyanādayan.

44. pāṇḍavāḥ api tataḥ rājan śrutvā tam ninadam mahat
dadhmuḥ śaṅkhān ca bherīḥ ca murajān ca vyānādayan

44. rājan tataḥ pāṇḍavāḥ api tam mahat ninadam śrutvā,
śaṅkhān dadhmuḥ ca bherīḥ ca murajān ca vyānādayan.

44. Then, O king, the Pāṇḍavas too, having heard that mighty roar, blew their conches, and sounded their war-drums and tabors.

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• निनदम् (ninadam) - sound, roar, noise

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, large

• दध्मुः (dadhmuḥ) - they blew, they sounded

• शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conches, conch-shells

• च (ca) - and, also

• भेरीः (bherīḥ) - war-drums, kettle-drums

• च (ca) - and, also

• मुरजान् (murajān) - tabors, small drums

• च (ca) - and, also

• व्यानादयन् (vyānādayan) - they sounded, they caused to sound

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form derived from root śru (to hear) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

निनदम् (ninadam) - sound, roar, noise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, noise

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

Note: This form ('mahat', neuter nom/acc singular) is here used adjectivally to modify 'ninadam' (masculine accusative singular). Grammatically, the masculine accusative singular form would be 'mahāntam'. This usage is sometimes found in older Sanskrit texts or can be interpreted as a neuter noun in apposition.

दध्मुः (dadhmuḥ) - they blew, they sounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dhmā

Root: dhmā (class 1)

शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conches, conch-shells

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch-shell, conch (used as a war-horn)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भेरीः (bherīḥ) - war-drums, kettle-drums

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of bherī

bherī - drum, war-drum, kettle-drum

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मुरजान् (murajān) - tabors, small drums

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of muraja

muraja - tabor, small drum

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

व्यानादयन् (vyānādayan) - they sounded, they caused to sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vyānāday

Causative

Causative form derived from root nad (to sound) with prefixes vi and ā.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: nad (class 1)