महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-106, verse-42

न्यमज्जंस्ते महाराज तस्य काये महात्मनः ।
यथा हंसा महाराज तडागं प्राप्य भारत ॥४२॥

42. nyamajjaṁste mahārāja tasya kāye mahātmanaḥ ,
yathā haṁsā mahārāja taḍāgaṁ prāpya bhārata.

42. nyamajjan te mahārāja tasya kāye mahātmanaḥ
yathā haṃsāḥ mahārāja taḍāgam prāpya bhārata

42. mahārāja te tasya mahātmanaḥ kāye nyamajjan
yathā bhārata haṃsāḥ taḍāgam prāpya nyamajjan

42. O great king, those arrows plunged into the body of that great-souled one (Duryodhana), just as, O Bhārata (Dhritarashtra), swans plunge into a pond after reaching it.

Words meanings summery:

• न्यमज्जन् (nyamajjan) - they (arrows) plunged (into his body) (they plunged, they sank)

• ते (te) - those (arrows) (those, they)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (great-souled one) (his, of that)

• काये (kāye) - into his body (in the body)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (Duryodhana) (of the great-souled, of the noble, of the high-minded)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, how)

• हंसाः (haṁsāḥ) - swans (as simile) (swans)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• तडागम् (taḍāgam) - a pond (as destination) (pond, lake)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (a pond) (having reached, having obtained)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

Words meanings and morphology

न्यमज्जन् (nyamajjan) - they (arrows) plunged (into his body) (they plunged, they sank)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-majj

Imperfect

Root majj (मज्ज्) 'to sink' with prefix ni (नि), 3rd person plural, imperfect active.

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

ते (te) - those (arrows) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrows from the previous verse, subject of 'nyamajjan'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+rājan)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address to Dhritarashtra.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (great-souled one) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana (the great-souled one).

काये (kāye) - into his body (in the body)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāya

kāya - body, collection

Note: Location where the arrows plunged.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (Duryodhana) (of the great-souled, of the noble, of the high-minded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+ātman)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, how)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

हंसाः (haṁsāḥ) - swans (as simile) (swans)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a mythical bird

Note: Subject of the simile.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+rājan)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address to Dhritarashtra.

तडागम् (taḍāgam) - a pond (as destination) (pond, lake)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of taḍāga

taḍāga - pond, lake, pool

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (a pond) (having reached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root āp (आप्) 'to obtain' with prefix pra (प्र), and suffix -ya.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Adverbial participle.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata, Indian

Formed with suffix -a from Bharata, denoting lineage.

Note: Direct address to Dhritarashtra.