महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-106, verse-17

अर्जुनं रभसं युद्धे पुरस्कृत्य शिखण्डिनम् ।
भीष्मप्रेप्सुं महाराज तापयन्तं दिशो दश ।
दुःशासनो महेष्वासो वारयामास संयुगे ॥१७॥

17. arjunaṁ rabhasaṁ yuddhe puraskṛtya śikhaṇḍinam ,
bhīṣmaprepsuṁ mahārāja tāpayantaṁ diśo daśa ,
duḥśāsano maheṣvāso vārayāmāsa saṁyuge.

17. arjunam rabhasam yuddhe puraskṛtya
śikhaṇḍinam bhīṣmaprepsum mahārāja
tāpayantam diśaḥ daśa duḥśāsanaḥ
maheṣvāsaḥ vārayāmāsa saṃyuge

17. mahārāja duḥśāsanaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ
saṃyuge yuddhe rabhasam śikhaṇḍinam
puraskṛtya bhīṣmaprepsum daśa
diśaḥ tāpayantam arjunam vārayāmāsa

17. O great king, Duḥśāsana, the mighty archer, stopped Arjuna in battle—Arjuna who was impetuous in the fight, who had placed Śikhaṇḍin at the forefront, who sought to reach Bhīṣma, and who was scorching the ten directions.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, violent, eager, swift

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in fight

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having honored, having preferred

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin

• भीष्मप्रेप्सुम् (bhīṣmaprepsum) - Arjuna was seeking to kill Bhīṣma, using Śikhaṇḍin as a shield/means. (desiring to obtain Bhīṣma, seeking Bhīṣma)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

• तापयन्तम् (tāpayantam) - Refers to Arjuna creating fear/trouble in all directions. (burning, distressing, causing heat)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

• दश (daśa) - ten

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer, mighty bowman

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - stopped, checked, prevented

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince), white, clear

Root: ṛj (class 1)

रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, violent, eager, swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuous, violent, eager, swift

From root 'rabh' (to seize, be impetuous)

Root: rabh (class 1)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in fight

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (from yudh)

Root: yudh (class 4)

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having honored, having preferred

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed with upasarga 'puras' and root 'kṛ' (to do, make)

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍin (name of a warrior)

भीष्मप्रेप्सुम् (bhīṣmaprepsum) - Arjuna was seeking to kill Bhīṣma, using Śikhaṇḍin as a shield/means. (desiring to obtain Bhīṣma, seeking Bhīṣma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣmaprepsu

bhīṣmaprepsu - desiring Bhīṣma, seeking Bhīṣma

From Bhīṣma + desiderative of root 'āp' (to obtain, reach)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīṣma+prepsu)

• bhīṣma – Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• prepsu – desiring to obtain/reach
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative noun from root āp
  Root: āp (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

तापयन्तम् (tāpayantam) - Refers to Arjuna creating fear/trouble in all directions. (burning, distressing, causing heat)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tāpayat

tāpayat - causing heat, burning, distressing

Present Active Participle (causative)

From causative stem of root 'tap' (to heat, suffer)

Root: tap (class 1)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Root: diś (class 6)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Functions as an adjective here, agreeing with 'diśaḥ'.

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kaurava prince), hard to rule

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruling, governing, order
  noun (masculine)
  Action noun from śās
  Root: śās (class 2)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer, mighty bowman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow
  noun (masculine)

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - stopped, checked, prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vārayāmasa

Periphrastic Perfect

Formed from desiderative stem vāraya + auxiliary root ās

Root: vṛ (class 10)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict

From 'sam' (together) + 'yuj' (to join)

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)