महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-247, verse-41

इत्युक्त्वा स मुनिर्वाक्यं देवदूतं विसृज्य तम् ।
शिलोञ्छवृत्तिमुत्सृज्य शममातिष्ठदुत्तमम् ॥४१॥

41. ityuktvā sa munirvākyaṁ devadūtaṁ visṛjya tam ,
śiloñchavṛttimutsṛjya śamamātiṣṭhaduttamam.

41. iti uktvā saḥ muniḥ vākyam devadūtam visṛjya tam
śiloñchavṛttim utsṛjya śamam ātiṣṭhat uttamam

41. Having spoken thus, that sage dismissed the divine messenger. Then, abandoning his livelihood of gleaning (śiloñchavṛtti), he embraced supreme tranquility.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, after saying

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the sage. (he, that (masculine))

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - Refers to the instruction or message given to the divine messenger. (word, speech, statement)

• देवदूतम् (devadūtam) - divine messenger, messenger of the gods

• विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having dismissed, having released, having abandoned

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the divine messenger. (him, that (masculine))

• शिलोञ्छवृत्तिम् (śiloñchavṛttim) - Refers to the specific ascetic practice of subsisting on grains or ears of corn left in the field after harvest, literally 'picking up pebbles (śila) and gleaning (uñcha)'. (the livelihood of gleaning, the practice of collecting grains from the field)

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having discarded

• शमम् (śamam) - tranquility, peace, calmness, quietude

• आतिष्ठत् (ātiṣṭhat) - he adopted, he practiced, he resorted to, he stood in

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, after saying

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -tvā. The root changes to uk-.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the sage. (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Often appears as 'sa' before a soft consonant or vowel in sandhi.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint, silent one

Note: The subject of the sentence.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - Refers to the instruction or message given to the divine messenger. (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement, instruction

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac

Note: Object of implied verb 'sent' or 'gave'.

देवदूतम् (devadūtam) - divine messenger, messenger of the gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devadūta

devadūta - divine messenger, messenger of the gods, envoy from a deity

deva (god) + dūta (messenger)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+dūta)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
• dūta – messenger, envoy, ambassador
  noun (masculine)
  From root dū (to go)
  Root: dū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'visṛjya'.

विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having dismissed, having released, having abandoned

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from root sṛj (to create, emit) with prefix vi + suffix -ya

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Forms a compound verb with 'visṛjya' modifying the main action.

तम् (tam) - Refers to the divine messenger. (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'visṛjya', reiterating 'devadūtam'.

शिलोञ्छवृत्तिम् (śiloñchavṛttim) - Refers to the specific ascetic practice of subsisting on grains or ears of corn left in the field after harvest, literally 'picking up pebbles (śila) and gleaning (uñcha)'. (the livelihood of gleaning, the practice of collecting grains from the field)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śiloñchavṛtti

śiloñchavṛtti - livelihood by gleaning, collecting grains or ears of corn left in the field after harvest

śila (gleaning) + uñcha (gleaning) + vṛtti (livelihood)

Compound type : dvandva / tatpurusha (śila+uñcha+vṛtti)

• śila – picking up; a grain of corn picked up by gleaning
  noun (masculine)
• uñcha – gleaning, picking up single grains of corn or ears of corn
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtti – livelihood, mode of life, conduct, activity
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt (to turn, exist)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having discarded

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from root sṛj (to create, emit) with prefix ut + suffix -ya

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

शमम् (śamam) - tranquility, peace, calmness, quietude

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, peace, calmness, quietude, cessation

From root śam (to be calm, quiet)

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Object of 'ātiṣṭhat'.

आतिष्ठत् (ātiṣṭhat) - he adopted, he practiced, he resorted to, he stood in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āsthā

Imperfect Active

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā. 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - supreme, excellent, highest, best, ultimate

From ud (up) + tama (superlative suffix)

Note: Agrees with 'śamam'.