महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-247, verse-1

देवदूत उवाच ।
महर्षेऽकार्यबुद्धिस्त्वं यः स्वर्गसुखमुत्तमम् ।
संप्राप्तं बहु मन्तव्यं विमृशस्यबुधो यथा ॥१॥

1. devadūta uvāca ,
maharṣe'kāryabuddhistvaṁ yaḥ svargasukhamuttamam ,
saṁprāptaṁ bahu mantavyaṁ vimṛśasyabudho yathā.

1. devadūtaḥ uvāca maharṣe akāryabuddhiḥ tvam yaḥ svargasukham
uttamam saṃprāptam bahu mantavyam vimṛśasi abudhaḥ yathā

1. The divine messenger said: 'O great sage, you are unwise (akāryabuddhiḥ), for you deliberate like an ignorant person (abudhaḥ) regarding this supreme heavenly bliss (svargasukham) which has been attained and ought to be highly valued.'

Words meanings summery:

• देवदूतः (devadūtaḥ) - divine messenger, celestial envoy

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage

• अकार्यबुद्धिः (akāryabuddhiḥ) - unwise (akāryabuddhiḥ) (unwise, having a misguided intellect, having an intellect for what ought not to be done)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• स्वर्गसुखम् (svargasukham) - heavenly bliss (svargasukham) (heavenly happiness, celestial bliss)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest, best

• संप्राप्तम् (saṁprāptam) - attained, acquired, reached

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, greatly, highly

• मन्तव्यम् (mantavyam) - to be considered, to be thought, to be esteemed, to be valued

• विमृशसि (vimṛśasi) - you deliberate, you ponder, you doubt, you reflect upon

• अबुधः (abudhaḥ) - ignorant person (abudhaḥ) (ignorant, foolish, unwise person)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

देवदूतः (devadūtaḥ) - divine messenger, celestial envoy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devadūta

devadūta - divine messenger, celestial envoy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+dūta)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• dūta – messenger, envoy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dū (class 5)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect, third person, singular

Root: vac (class 2)

महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

अकार्यबुद्धिः (akāryabuddhiḥ) - unwise (akāryabuddhiḥ) (unwise, having a misguided intellect, having an intellect for what ought not to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akāryabuddhi

akāryabuddhi - unwise, having a misguided intellect, having an intellect for what ought not to be done

Literally 'one whose intellect (buddhi) is directed towards what is not to be done (akārya)' or 'one who has unwise intellect'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (akārya+buddhi)

• akārya – not to be done, improper, unfit
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Negation 'a' + Gerundive of root 'kṛ' (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifying 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'tvam'.

स्वर्गसुखम् (svargasukham) - heavenly bliss (svargasukham) (heavenly happiness, celestial bliss)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svargasukha

svargasukha - heavenly happiness, celestial bliss

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+sukha)

• svarga – heaven, celestial region
  noun (masculine)
• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure
  noun (neuter)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, excellent, highest, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - supreme, excellent, highest, best

Note: Qualifying 'svargasukham'.

संप्राप्तम् (saṁprāptam) - attained, acquired, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃprāpta

saṁprāpta - attained, acquired, reached

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' + 'pra' + root 'āp' + suffix 'kta'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifying 'svargasukham' which is the subject of the clause 'that which has been attained'.

बहु (bahu) - much, many, greatly, highly

(indeclinable)

मन्तव्यम् (mantavyam) - to be considered, to be thought, to be esteemed, to be valued

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mantavya

mantavya - to be considered, to be thought, to be esteemed, to be valued

Gerundive

From root 'man' + suffix 'tavya'

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifying 'svargasukham' and indicating obligation.

विमृशसि (vimṛśasi) - you deliberate, you ponder, you doubt, you reflect upon

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of mṛś

Present, second person, singular

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛś (class 6)

अबुधः (abudhaḥ) - ignorant person (abudhaḥ) (ignorant, foolish, unwise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abudha

abudha - ignorant, foolish, unwise person

From 'a' (negation) + 'budha' (wise)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+budha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• budha – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'budh'
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective, 'like an ignorant person'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)