महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-247, verse-29

सोऽत्र दोषो मम मतस्तस्यान्ते पतनं च यत् ।
सुखव्याप्तमनस्कानां पतनं यच्च मुद्गल ॥२९॥

29. so'tra doṣo mama matastasyānte patanaṁ ca yat ,
sukhavyāptamanaskānāṁ patanaṁ yacca mudgala.

29. saḥ atra doṣaḥ mama mataḥ tasya ante patanam ca
yat sukha-vyāpta-manaskānām patanam ca yat mudgala

29. In my opinion, this is the defect (doṣa) here: the downfall that occurs at its end. And that downfall, O Mudgala, is for those whose minds are completely pervaded by happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he, it

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter, in this case

• दोषः (doṣaḥ) - defect (doṣa) (fault, defect, error, sin, evil)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• मतः (mataḥ) - in my opinion, considered by me (considered, thought, opined, approved)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, his, its

• अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end, finally

• पतनम् (patanam) - falling, downfall, descent, ruin

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that

• सुख-व्याप्त-मनस्कानाम् (sukha-vyāpta-manaskānām) - of those whose minds are pervaded by happiness, of those whose minds are engrossed in pleasure

• पतनम् (patanam) - falling, downfall, descent, ruin

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that

• मुद्गल (mudgala) - O Mudgala

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, this

Note: Refers to 'doṣaḥ'.

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter, in this case

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem idam + tra suffix

दोषः (doṣaḥ) - defect (doṣa) (fault, defect, error, sin, evil)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, error, vice, sin, blame, evil

From root duṣ (to be bad)

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Expresses 'my opinion'.

मतः (mataḥ) - in my opinion, considered by me (considered, thought, opined, approved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - thought, opinion, doctrine, considered, approved, desired

Past Passive Participle

From root man (to think) + suffix kta

Root: man (class 4)

तस्य (tasya) - of that, his, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, this

Note: Refers to the heavenly enjoyment mentioned in the previous verse.

अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end, finally

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, conclusion, death

Note: Adverbial use.

पतनम् (patanam) - falling, downfall, descent, ruin

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, flying, alighting, downfall, ruin, perishing

verbal noun

From root pat (to fall) + suffix ana

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject of a clause.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that, who

Note: Correlative pronoun, referring to 'patanam'.

सुख-व्याप्त-मनस्कानाम् (sukha-vyāpta-manaskānām) - of those whose minds are pervaded by happiness, of those whose minds are engrossed in pleasure

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of sukha-vyāpta-manaska

sukha-vyāpta-manaska - having a mind pervaded by happiness, whose mind is filled with joy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sukha+vyāpta+manas)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort, ease
  noun (neuter)
• vyāpta – pervaded, permeated, occupied, enveloped, filled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi + root āp (to obtain, reach) + kta
  Prefix: vi
  Root: āp (class 5)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, disposition, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  From root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies unspecified individuals, referring to those who enjoyed heavenly pleasures.

पतनम् (patanam) - falling, downfall, descent, ruin

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, flying, alighting, downfall, ruin, perishing

verbal noun

From root pat (to fall) + suffix ana

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, whatever, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that, who

Note: Correlative pronoun, referring to 'patanam'.

मुद्गल (mudgala) - O Mudgala

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mudgala

mudgala - a proper name (sage Mudgala)