महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-247, verse-34

तत्रापि सुमहाभागः सुखभागभिजायते ।
न चेत्संबुध्यते तत्र गच्छत्यधमतां ततः ॥३४॥

34. tatrāpi sumahābhāgaḥ sukhabhāgabhijāyate ,
na cetsaṁbudhyate tatra gacchatyadhamatāṁ tataḥ.

34. tatra api sumahābhāgaḥ sukhabhāk abhijāyate na
cet saṃbudhyate tatra gacchati adhamatām tataḥ

34. Even there (in the human realm), a very fortunate person is born partaking of happiness. But if he does not awaken (to his true nature) in that state, he then descends to a lower condition.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the human realm) (there, in that place, in that case)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• सुमहाभागः (sumahābhāgaḥ) - a very fortunate person (very fortunate, very blessed, highly distinguished)

• सुखभाक् (sukhabhāk) - partaking of happiness (enjoying happiness, partaking of pleasure)

• अभिजायते (abhijāyate) - is born (is born, arises, appears)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• चेत् (cet) - if

• संबुध्यते (saṁbudhyate) - awakens (to his true nature) (awakens, realizes, understands)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that state (of human birth) (there, in that place, in that state)

• गच्छति (gacchati) - descends (to) (goes, reaches, attains)

• अधमताम् (adhamatām) - to a lower condition (to a lower state, to inferiority, baseness)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that (state) (thence, thereafter, from that)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the human realm) (there, in that place, in that case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the human birth mentioned in the previous verse.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

सुमहाभागः (sumahābhāgaḥ) - a very fortunate person (very fortunate, very blessed, highly distinguished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahābhāga

sumahābhāga - very fortunate, very blessed, highly distinguished

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahā+bhāga)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune
  noun (masculine)
  From root BHJ (to divide, share)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here, "a fortunate one".

सुखभाक् (sukhabhāk) - partaking of happiness (enjoying happiness, partaking of pleasure)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhabhāj

sukhabhāj - enjoying happiness, partaking of pleasure

From sukha (happiness) + bhāj (partaker)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+bhāj)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• bhāj – partaking of, sharing in, enjoying
  adjective
  Derived from root BHJ (to divide, share)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "sumahābhāgaḥ".

अभिजायते (abhijāyate) - is born (is born, arises, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of abhijan

Present Indicative

Prefix: abhi

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The subject is "sumahābhāgaḥ".

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb "saṃbudhyate".

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms a conditional clause with "na".

संबुध्यते (saṁbudhyate) - awakens (to his true nature) (awakens, realizes, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of saṃbudh

Present Indicative

Prefix: sam

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Implies spiritual awakening or realization.

तत्र (tatra) - in that state (of human birth) (there, in that place, in that state)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the human realm.

गच्छति (gacchati) - descends (to) (goes, reaches, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gam

Present Indicative

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied, "he" (the sumahābhāgaḥ).

अधमताम् (adhamatām) - to a lower condition (to a lower state, to inferiority, baseness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of adhamatā

adhamatā - inferiority, baseness, lower state/condition

Derived from adhama (lowest, inferior) with suffix -tā

Note: Object of "gacchati".

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that (state) (thence, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates consequence or sequence.