महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-247, verse-23

जरा मृत्युः कुतस्तेषां हर्षः प्रीतिः सुखं न च ।
न दुःखं न सुखं चापि रागद्वेषौ कुतो मुने ॥२३॥

23. jarā mṛtyuḥ kutasteṣāṁ harṣaḥ prītiḥ sukhaṁ na ca ,
na duḥkhaṁ na sukhaṁ cāpi rāgadveṣau kuto mune.

23. jarā mṛtyuḥ kutaḥ teṣām harṣaḥ prītiḥ sukham na ca
na duḥkham na sukham ca api rāgadveṣau kutaḥ mune

23. How can old age and death affect them? They experience neither joy, delight, nor happiness [in the ordinary sense]. Indeed, they know neither suffering nor pleasure, so how could attachment and aversion (rāgadveṣau) exist for them, O sage?

Words meanings summery:

• जरा (jarā) - old age, decay

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (could it be)? (from where, how)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy, elation, delight

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, delight, love

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

• न (na) - not, no

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• रागद्वेषौ (rāgadveṣau) - attachment and aversion

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (could it be)? (from where, how)

• मुने (mune) - O sage, O ascetic

Words meanings and morphology

जरा (jarā) - old age, decay

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

Root: jṝ (class 9)

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, dying

Root: mṛ (class 6)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (could it be)? (from where, how)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy, elation, delight

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, gladness, exhilaration

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, delight, love

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - pleasure, joy, love, affection, satisfaction

Root: prī (class 9)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, joy, ease, comfort

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, suffering, sorrow, misery, uneasiness

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, joy, ease, comfort

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

रागद्वेषौ (rāgadveṣau) - attachment and aversion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rāgadveṣa

rāgadveṣa - attachment and aversion, liking and disliking

Compound type : Dvandva (rāga+dveṣa)

• rāga – color, passion, affection, attachment, love
  noun (masculine)
• dveṣa – hatred, aversion, dislike, enmity
  noun (masculine)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (could it be)? (from where, how)

(indeclinable)

मुने (mune) - O sage, O ascetic

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one