महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-8

न सन्ति लोकेषु पुमांस ईदृशा इत्येव ये भावितबुद्धयः सदा ।
ज्ञास्यन्ति तेऽऽत्मानमिमेऽद्य पाण्डवा विपर्यये षण्ढतिला इवाफलाः ॥८॥

8. na santi lokeṣu pumāṁsa īdṛśā; ityeva ye bhāvitabuddhayaḥ sadā ,
jñāsyanti te''tmānamime'dya pāṇḍavā; viparyaye ṣaṇḍhatilā ivāphalāḥ.

8. na santi lokeṣu pumāṃsaḥ īdṛśāḥ iti
eva ye bhāvitabuddhayaḥ sadā
jñāsyanti te ātmānam ime adya pāṇḍavāḥ
viparyaye ṣaṇḍhatilāḥ iva apahalāḥ

8. Those whose minds were always convinced, thinking, 'There are no such men in the world (loka),' these Pāṇḍavas (pāṇḍavāḥ) will now realize their true self (ātman) to be fruitless, like barren sesame seeds, in this adversity.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• सन्ति (santi) - they are, exist

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

• पुमांसः (pumāṁsaḥ) - men, persons, heroes

• ईदृशाः (īdṛśāḥ) - such, of this kind

• इति (iti) - introduces the direct thought of the Pāṇḍavas (thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought)

• एव (eva) - for emphasis (indeed, only, just)

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• भावितबुद्धयः (bhāvitabuddhayaḥ) - whose minds were convinced (of their own strength/honor) (whose intellects are cultivated/developed, enlightened, whose minds are convinced)

• सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

• ज्ञास्यन्ति (jñāsyanti) - they will know, they will realize

• ते (te) - they, those

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, themselves (ātman)

• इमे (ime) - these

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• विपर्यये (viparyaye) - in reversal, in misfortune, in adversity

• षण्ढतिलाः (ṣaṇḍhatilāḥ) - barren sesame seeds

• इव (iva) - like, as

• अफलाः (aphalāḥ) - fruitless, useless, unproductive

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सन्ति (santi) - they are, exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Present (laṭ) of as

Present 3rd plural

From root √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

पुमांसः (pumāṁsaḥ) - men, persons, heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puman

puman - man, person, male, hero

ईदृशाः (īdṛśāḥ) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

Note: Agrees with `pumāṃsaḥ`

इति (iti) - introduces the direct thought of the Pāṇḍavas (thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - for emphasis (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

भावितबुद्धयः (bhāvitabuddhayaḥ) - whose minds were convinced (of their own strength/honor) (whose intellects are cultivated/developed, enlightened, whose minds are convinced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāvitabuddhi

bhāvitabuddhi - one whose intellect is cultivated/developed, enlightened, convinced

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+buddhi)

• bhāvita – cultivated, developed, thought, imagined, convinced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū (to be) + causative (bhāvaya) + kta suffix
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, conviction
  noun (feminine)
  From root √budh (to know, wake)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `ye` and `pāṇḍavāḥ`

सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

ज्ञास्यन्ति (jñāsyanti) - they will know, they will realize

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Future (lṛṭ) of jñā

Future 3rd plural

From root √jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to `ye`

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, themselves (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Object of `jñāsyanti`

इमे (ime) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to the Pāṇḍavas

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: Subject of `jñāsyanti`

विपर्यये (viparyaye) - in reversal, in misfortune, in adversity

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viparyaya

viparyaya - reversal, inversion, adversity, misfortune

From vi- + pari- + root √i (to go)

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

षण्ढतिलाः (ṣaṇḍhatilāḥ) - barren sesame seeds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṣaṇḍhatila

ṣaṇḍhatila - barren sesame seed (which produces no oil)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṣaṇḍha+tila)

• ṣaṇḍha – barren, impotent, eunuch
  adjective
• tila – sesame seed
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison

अफलाः (aphalāḥ) - fruitless, useless, unproductive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aphala

aphala - fruitless, useless, unproductive

Negative compound: a- + phala

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+phala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `pumāṃsaḥ` and `ṣaṇḍhatilāḥ`