महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-15

तद्वै श्रुत्वा भीमसेनोऽत्यमर्षी निर्भर्त्स्योच्चैस्तं निगृह्यैव रोषात् ।
उवाचेदं सहसैवोपगम्य सिंहो यथा हैमवतः शृगालम् ॥१५॥

15. tadvai śrutvā bhīmaseno'tyamarṣī; nirbhartsyoccaistaṁ nigṛhyaiva roṣāt ,
uvācedaṁ sahasaivopagamya; siṁho yathā haimavataḥ śṛgālam.

15. tat vai śrutvā bhīmasenaḥ atyamarṣī
nirbhartsya uccaiḥ tam nigṛhya eva
roṣāt | uvāca idam sahasā eva upagamya
siṃhaḥ yathā haimavataḥ śṛgālam

15. Upon hearing that, the exceedingly wrathful Bhīmasena, having loudly rebuked and angrily seized him, quickly approached and spoke these words, just as a Himalayan lion (would speak to) a jackal.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - the harsh words mentioned in the previous verse (that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, truly

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava)

• अत्यमर्षी (atyamarṣī) - exceedingly wrathful, very angry

• निर्भर्त्स्य (nirbhartsya) - having rebuked, having scolded

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly (loudly, high)

• तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having seized (having seized, having held)

• एव (eva) - forcefully (emphasizing the act of seizing) (only, indeed, just)

• रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, out of wrath

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• इदम् (idam) - these words (about to be spoken) (this)

• सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (quickly, suddenly, forcibly)

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• हैमवतः (haimavataḥ) - Himalayan (lion)

• शृगालम् (śṛgālam) - jackal

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - the harsh words mentioned in the previous verse (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the speech of Duryodhana

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, truly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name)

अत्यमर्षी (atyamarṣī) - exceedingly wrathful, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atyamarṣin

atyamarṣin - exceedingly wrathful, very indignant

Derived from ati + amarṣa

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+amarṣa)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, wrath
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies Bhīmasenaḥ

निर्भर्त्स्य (nirbhartsya) - having rebuked, having scolded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root bharts (to abuse) with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: bharts (class 10)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly (loudly, high)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying nirbhartsya

तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Refers to Duryodhana

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having seized (having seized, having held)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root grah (to seize) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

एव (eva) - forcefully (emphasizing the act of seizing) (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, out of wrath

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of roṣa

roṣa - anger, wrath, rage

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - these words (about to be spoken) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the speech that follows

सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (quickly, suddenly, forcibly)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental of sahas, used as an adverb

Note: Adverb modifying upagamya

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile

हैमवतः (haimavataḥ) - Himalayan (lion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haimavata

haimavata - belonging to the Himālaya, Himalayan

Derived from Himavat (Himalaya)

Note: Modifies siṃhaḥ

शृगालम् (śṛgālam) - jackal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śṛgāla

śṛgāla - jackal