महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-38

सौबलस्य वधं प्रेप्सुरिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ।
क्रोधसंरक्तनयनो निःश्वसन्निव पन्नगः ॥३८॥

38. saubalasya vadhaṁ prepsuridaṁ vacanamabravīt ,
krodhasaṁraktanayano niḥśvasanniva pannagaḥ.

38. saubalasya vadham prepsuḥ idam vacanam abravīt
krodhasaṃraktanayanaḥ niḥśvasan iva pannagaḥ

38. Desiring Saubala's death, he spoke these words, his eyes red with rage, hissing like a serpent.

Words meanings summery:

• सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of Saubala (Shakuni) (of Saubala, of the son of Subala)

• वधम् (vadham) - death (death, killing)

• प्रेप्सुः (prepsuḥ) - desiring (desiring to obtain, wishing for)

• इदम् (idam) - these (this, these)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, saying)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

• क्रोधसंरक्तनयनः (krodhasaṁraktanayanaḥ) - his eyes red with rage (one whose eyes are red with rage)

• निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - hissing (hissing, sighing, breathing out)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• पन्नगः (pannagaḥ) - serpent (serpent, snake)

Words meanings and morphology

सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of Saubala (Shakuni) (of Saubala, of the son of Subala)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala, a name for Shakuni

वधम् (vadham) - death (death, killing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - death, killing, slaying, striking

From root √vadh (to strike, slay).

Root: vadh (class 1)

प्रेप्सुः (prepsuḥ) - desiring (desiring to obtain, wishing for)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prepsu

prepsu - desiring to obtain, wishing to reach, seeking

Desiderative nominative singular masculine

From √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra- and desiderative suffix -sa, forming an agent noun.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

इदम् (idam) - these (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, statement

From √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect active 3rd singular

From √brū, imperfect, parasmaipada.

Root: brū (class 2)

क्रोधसंरक्तनयनः (krodhasaṁraktanayanaḥ) - his eyes red with rage (one whose eyes are red with rage)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhasaṃraktanayana

krodhasaṁraktanayana - having eyes red with anger, enraged eyes

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krodha+saṃrakta+nayana)

• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  From √krudh (to be angry).
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• saṃrakta – deeply red, dyed red, inflamed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √rañj (to color) with prefix saṃ-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• nayana – eye, leading, guiding
  noun (neuter)
  From √nī (to lead).
  Root: nī (class 1)

निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - hissing (hissing, sighing, breathing out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasat

niḥśvasat - hissing, sighing, breathing out, exhaling

Present Active Participle nominative singular masculine

From √śvas (to hiss, breathe) with prefix nis-.

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

पन्नगः (pannagaḥ) - serpent (serpent, snake)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (lit. 'one who goes on his belly')

From pan (belly) and √gam (to go), or sometimes understood as derived from √pad (to go) and -ga (going).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pan+ga)

• pan – belly
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  noun (masculine)
  From √gam (to go) with suffix -a.
  Root: gam (class 1)