महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-24

home » Scriptures Library » Mahabharata

View complete chapter

नैतावता कृतमित्यब्रवीत्तं वृकोदरः संनिवृत्तार्धकायः ।
शीघ्रं हि त्वा निहतं सानुबन्धं संस्मार्याहं प्रतिवक्ष्यामि मूढ ॥२४॥

24. naitāvatā kṛtamityabravīttaṁ; vṛkodaraḥ saṁnivṛttārdhakāyaḥ ,
śīghraṁ hi tvā nihataṁ sānubandhaṁ; saṁsmāryāhaṁ prativakṣyāmi mūḍha.

24. na etāvatā kṛtam iti abravīt tam
vṛkodaraḥ saṃnivṛttārdhakāyaḥ
śīghram hi tvā nihatam sānubandham
saṃsmārya aham prativakṣyāmi mūḍha

24. "This is not enough accomplished!" thus spoke Vṛkodara (Bhīma), with half his body turned back. "Indeed, O fool, I shall quickly respond to you after I have ensured that you and your kinsmen are slain."

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

न (na) - not, no, nor

एतावता (etāvatā) - By this much (insult/mockery) (by so much, by this much, to this extent)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - Accomplished (referring to the insult or the whole situation). "It is not done by this much." (done, made, performed, accomplished)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of Bhīma's direct speech. (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

तम् (tam) - Refers to Duryodhana. (him, that (masculine))

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma, known by this epithet meaning "wolf-bellied" due to his great appetite and strength. (Vṛkodara (Bhīma))

संनिवृत्तार्धकायः (saṁnivṛttārdhakāyaḥ) - Bhīma physically turning around to face Duryodhana. (having turned back half of his body)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - Modifies the act of slaying or replying. (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

हि (hi) - Emphasizes Bhīma's resolve. (indeed, surely, for, because)

त्वा (tvā) - Refers to Duryodhana. (you (accusative singular))

निहतम् (nihatam) - Describes Duryodhana's future state. (killed, struck down, slain)

सानुबन्धम् (sānubandham) - Duryodhana and all his supporters. (with his followers, with his retinue, along with his kinsmen)

संस्मार्य (saṁsmārya) - After I have ensured your demise and fully realized my vow. (having caused to remember, having remembered well, having thoroughly considered/realized)

अहम् (aham) - Bhīma. (I)

प्रतिवक्ष्यामि (prativakṣyāmi) - I will give my true, forceful answer to your mockery. (I will reply, I will speak against, I will answer)

मूढ (mūḍha) - Bhīma addresses Duryodhana with scorn. (O fool, stupid, ignorant)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following phrase.

एतावता (etāvatā) - By this much (insult/mockery) (by so much, by this much, to this extent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, this much, so great, of this extent

From `etad` + `mātrac` suffix.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - Accomplished (referring to the insult or the whole situation). "It is not done by this much." (done, made, performed, accomplished)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` + `kta` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of Bhīma's direct speech. (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root `brū` (irregular imperfect).

Root: brū (class 2)

तम् (tam) - Refers to Duryodhana. (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Direct object of `abravīt`.

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma, known by this epithet meaning "wolf-bellied" due to his great appetite and strength. (Vṛkodara (Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied; a name of Bhīmasena.

Compound: `vṛka` (wolf) + `udara` (belly).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

vṛka – wolf
noun (masculine)
udara – belly, abdomen
noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

संनिवृत्तार्धकायः (saṁnivṛttārdhakāyaḥ) - Bhīma physically turning around to face Duryodhana. (having turned back half of his body)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃnivṛttārdhakāya

saṁnivṛttārdhakāya - one who has turned back half his body

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samnivṛtta+ardha+kāya)

samnivṛtta – turned back, returned completely
participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root `vṛt` with prefixes `sam` and `ni`.
Prefixes: sam+ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
ardha – half, a part
noun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
kāya – body, mass
noun (masculine)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - Modifies the act of slaying or replying. (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Root: śīgh

हि (hi) - Emphasizes Bhīma's resolve. (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

त्वा (tvā) - Refers to Duryodhana. (you (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Enclitic form of 2nd person pronoun.

निहतम् (nihatam) - Describes Duryodhana's future state. (killed, struck down, slain)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` with prefix `ni` + `kta` suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सानुबन्धम् (sānubandham) - Duryodhana and all his supporters. (with his followers, with his retinue, along with his kinsmen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sānubandha

sānubandha - accompanied by followers or connections

Bahuvrīhi compound: `sa-` (with) + `anubandha` (followers).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anubandha)

sa – with, accompanied by
prefix
anubandha – connection, attachment, consequence, follower, retinue
noun (masculine)
From `anu-bandh` (to bind after).
Prefix: anu
Root: bandh (class 9)

संस्मार्य (saṁsmārya) - After I have ensured your demise and fully realized my vow. (having caused to remember, having remembered well, having thoroughly considered/realized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) of the causative form.

From causative of root `smṛ` with prefix `sam` + `lyaP` suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Connects with the future action `prativakṣyāmi`.

अहम् (aham) - Bhīma. (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Subject of `prativakṣyāmi`.