महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
वनवासाय चक्रुस्ते मतिं पार्थाः पराजिताः ।
अजिनान्युत्तरीयाणि जगृहुश्च यथाक्रमम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
vanavāsāya cakruste matiṁ pārthāḥ parājitāḥ ,
ajinānyuttarīyāṇi jagṛhuśca yathākramam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca vanavāsāya cakruḥ te matim pārthāḥ
parājitāḥ ajināni uttarīyāṇi jagṛhuḥ ca yathākramam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Those Pārthas, having been defeated, made the decision for dwelling in the forest (vanavāsa). And they took up their deer skins and upper garments in due order.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśampāyana said. (he said, he spoke)

• वनवासाय (vanavāsāya) - for dwelling in the forest, for forest exile

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - They made the decision. (they made, they did)

• ते (te) - Refers to the Pārthas. (they)

• मतिम् (matim) - The decision or intention to go to the forest. (intention, mind, decision, thought)

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - The Pāṇḍava brothers. (Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)

• पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated, conquered

• अजिनानि (ajināni) - Garments worn by ascetics or exiles. (deer skins, animal hides)

• उत्तरीयाणि (uttarīyāṇi) - upper garments, cloaks

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - They prepared themselves for exile. (they took, they seized)

• च (ca) - and

• यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, successively, accordingly

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśampāyana said. (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

2nd conjugation, parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

वनवासाय (vanavāsāya) - for dwelling in the forest, for forest exile

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - dwelling in the forest, forest exile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, abode, residence
  noun (masculine)
  From root VAS (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - They made the decision. (they made, they did)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense

8th conjugation, parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd plural

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - Refers to the Pārthas. (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Note: Coreferential with 'Pārthāḥ'.

मतिम् (matim) - The decision or intention to go to the forest. (intention, mind, decision, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, intention, decision

From root MAN (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'cakruḥ'.

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - The Pāṇḍava brothers. (Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

From Pṛthā + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: Subject of 'cakruḥ' and 'jagṛhuḥ'.

पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated, conquered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parājita

parājita - defeated, conquered

Past Passive Participle

From root JĪ (to conquer) with upasarga PARĀ

Prefix: parā

Root: jī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Pārthāḥ'.

अजिनानि (ajināni) - Garments worn by ascetics or exiles. (deer skins, animal hides)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ajina

ajina - deer skin, hide

Note: Object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

उत्तरीयाणि (uttarīyāṇi) - upper garments, cloaks

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of uttarīya

uttarīya - upper garment, shawl, cloak

From UTTARA (upper) + causal suffix -īya

Note: Object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - They prepared themselves for exile. (they took, they seized)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Perfect tense

9th conjugation, parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd plural

Root: grah (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjoins the actions or objects.

यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, successively, accordingly

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of YATHĀ and KRAMA

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+krama)

• yathā – as, just as, in such a manner
  indeclinable
• krama – order, sequence, step
  noun (masculine)
  From root KRAM (to step, walk)
  Root: kram (class 1)

Next Verse