महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
वनवासाय चक्रुस्ते मतिं पार्थाः पराजिताः ।
अजिनान्युत्तरीयाणि जगृहुश्च यथाक्रमम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
vanavāsāya cakruste matiṁ pārthāḥ parājitāḥ ,
ajinānyuttarīyāṇi jagṛhuśca yathākramam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca vanavāsāya cakruḥ te matim pārthāḥ
parājitāḥ ajināni uttarīyāṇi jagṛhuḥ ca yathākramam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Those Pārthas, having been defeated, made the decision for dwelling in the forest (vanavāsa). And they took up their deer skins and upper garments in due order.

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, בני פְּרְתְהָה, לאחר שהובסו, החליטו ללכת ליער. ולפי הסדר לקחו עורות איילים כלבוש עליון.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśampāyana said. (he said, he spoke)

• वनवासाय (vanavāsāya) - for dwelling in the forest, for forest exile

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - They made the decision. (they made, they did)

• ते (te) - Refers to the Pārthas. (they)

• मतिम् (matim) - The decision or intention to go to the forest. (intention, mind, decision, thought)

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - The Pāṇḍava brothers. (Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)

• पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated, conquered

• अजिनानि (ajināni) - Garments worn by ascetics or exiles. (deer skins, animal hides)

• उत्तरीयाणि (uttarīyāṇi) - upper garments, cloaks

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - They prepared themselves for exile. (they took, they seized)

• च (ca) - and

• यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, successively, accordingly

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - Vaiśampāyana said. (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

2nd conjugation, parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

वनवासाय (vanavāsāya) - for dwelling in the forest, for forest exile

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - dwelling in the forest, forest exile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, abode, residence
  noun (masculine)
  From root VAS (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - They made the decision. (they made, they did)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense

8th conjugation, parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd plural

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - Refers to the Pārthas. (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Note: Coreferential with 'Pārthāḥ'.

मतिम् (matim) - The decision or intention to go to the forest. (intention, mind, decision, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, intention, decision

From root MAN (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'cakruḥ'.

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - The Pāṇḍava brothers. (Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

From Pṛthā + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: Subject of 'cakruḥ' and 'jagṛhuḥ'.

पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated, conquered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parājita

parājita - defeated, conquered

Past Passive Participle

From root JĪ (to conquer) with upasarga PARĀ

Prefix: parā

Root: jī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Pārthāḥ'.

अजिनानि (ajināni) - Garments worn by ascetics or exiles. (deer skins, animal hides)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ajina

ajina - deer skin, hide

Note: Object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

उत्तरीयाणि (uttarīyāṇi) - upper garments, cloaks

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of uttarīya

uttarīya - upper garment, shawl, cloak

From UTTARA (upper) + causal suffix -īya

Note: Object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - They prepared themselves for exile. (they took, they seized)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Perfect tense

9th conjugation, parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd plural

Root: grah (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjoins the actions or objects.

यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, successively, accordingly

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of YATHĀ and KRAMA

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+krama)

• yathā – as, just as, in such a manner
  indeclinable
• krama – order, sequence, step
  noun (masculine)
  From root KRAM (to step, walk)
  Root: kram (class 1)

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