महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-68, verse-23

home » Scriptures Library » Mahabharata

View complete chapter

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तस्य राजा सिंहगतेः सखेलं दुर्योधनो भीमसेनस्य हर्षात् ।
गतिं स्वगत्यानुचकार मन्दो निर्गच्छतां पाण्डवानां सभायाः ॥२३॥

23. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tasya rājā siṁhagateḥ sakhelaṁ; duryodhano bhīmasenasya harṣāt ,
gatiṁ svagatyānucakāra mando; nirgacchatāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ sabhāyāḥ.

23. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tasya rājā siṃhagateḥ
sakhelam duryodhanaḥ bhīmasenasya
harṣāt gatim svagatyā anucakāra
mandaḥ nirgacchatām pāṇḍavānām sabhāyāḥ

23. Vaiśampāyana said: King Duryodhana, being dull-witted, joyfully and playfully imitated the lion-like gait of Bhīmasena with his own walk, as the Pāṇḍavas were departing from the assembly.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya (Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator))

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, declared

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Bhīmasena. (his, of him)

राजा (rājā) - King Duryodhana. (king)

सिंहगतेः (siṁhagateḥ) - Refers to Bhīmasena, who is known for his powerful, lion-like walk. (of one having a lion's gait)

सखेलम् (sakhelam) - In a mocking and joyful manner. (playfully, mockingly, with sport)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and antagonist to the Pāṇḍavas. (Duryodhana (proper name))

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - Refers to Bhīma, the second of the Pāṇḍava brothers. (of Bhīmasena)

हर्षात् (harṣāt) - Duryodhana's joy at Bhīma's vow. (from joy, with joy, out of delight)

गतिम् (gatim) - The manner of walking, specifically Bhīma's powerful walk. (gait, movement, course)

स्वगत्या (svagatyā) - Duryodhana used his own gait to imitate Bhīma's. (with his own gait, by his own movement)

अनुचकार (anucakāra) - imitated, followed, copied

मन्दः (mandaḥ) - Duryodhana is described as dull-witted. (dull, slow, sluggish, stupid)

निर्गच्छताम् (nirgacchatām) - Refers to the Pāṇḍavas departing the assembly. (of those going out, of those departing)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - The five sons of Pāṇḍu, including Bhīma. (of the Pāṇḍavas)

सभायाः (sabhāyāḥ) - The assembly hall in Hastinapura. (from the assembly, from the council hall)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya (Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a famous sage, disciple of Vyāsa.

Patronymic from Viśampāyana.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root `vac`. Perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to Bhīmasena. (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: In apposition with `bhīmasenasya` and `siṃhagateḥ`.

राजा (rājā) - King Duryodhana. (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `anucakāra`.

सिंहगतेः (siṁhagateḥ) - Refers to Bhīmasena, who is known for his powerful, lion-like walk. (of one having a lion's gait)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of siṃhagati

siṁhagati - lion-like gait, having the walk of a lion

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+gati)

siṃha – lion
noun (masculine)
gati – gait, movement, course
noun (feminine)
From root gam (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjective to Bhīmasena.

सखेलम् (sakhelam) - In a mocking and joyful manner. (playfully, mockingly, with sport)

(indeclinable)

From `sa-` (with) + `khelam` (play).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+khela)

sa – with, accompanied by
prefix
khela – play, sport, amusement
noun (masculine/neuter)
Root: khel (class 1)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and antagonist to the Pāṇḍavas. (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - hard to fight with; name of the eldest Kaurava prince.

`dur` (difficult) + `yodhana` (fighter).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb `anucakāra`.

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - Refers to Bhīma, the second of the Pāṇḍava brothers. (of Bhīmasena)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a terrible army; name of a Pāṇḍava prince.

Compound. `bhīma` (terrible) + `sena` (army).

Note: Qualifies `gati` or is in apposition with `siṃhagateḥ`.

हर्षात् (harṣāt) - Duryodhana's joy at Bhīma's vow. (from joy, with joy, out of delight)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, elation, thrill

From root `hṛṣ`.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause or manner of action.

गतिम् (gatim) - The manner of walking, specifically Bhīma's powerful walk. (gait, movement, course)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, moving, gait, motion, course, fate

From root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

स्वगत्या (svagatyā) - Duryodhana used his own gait to imitate Bhīma's. (with his own gait, by his own movement)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of svagati

svagati - one's own gait, one's own movement

Compound of `sva` (own) + `gati` (gait).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sva+gati)

sva – own, self, one's own
pronoun/adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
gati – gait, movement, course
noun (feminine)
From root gam (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means of imitation.

अनुचकार (anucakāra) - imitated, followed, copied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of anukṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root `kṛ` with prefix `anu`. Perfect tense form.

Prefix: anu

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मन्दः (mandaḥ) - Duryodhana is described as dull-witted. (dull, slow, sluggish, stupid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manda

manda - slow, dull, sluggish, stupid, weak