महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-45, verse-41

अहो धिगिति राजा तु विक्रुश्य भृशदुःखितः ।
ऊर्ध्वबाहुः स्मरन्मातुः प्ररुरोद युधिष्ठिरः ।
भीमसेनपुरोगाश्च भ्रातरः सर्व एव ते ॥४१॥

41. aho dhigiti rājā tu vikruśya bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ ,
ūrdhvabāhuḥ smaranmātuḥ praruroda yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
bhīmasenapurogāśca bhrātaraḥ sarva eva te.

41. aho dhik iti rājā tu vikruśya
bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ ūrdhvabāhuḥ smaran
mātuḥ praruroda yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
bhīmasenapurogāḥ ca bhrātaraḥ sarve eva te

41. rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tu aho dhik iti
vikruśya bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ ūrdhvabāhuḥ
mātuḥ smaran praruroda ca
bhīmasenapurogāḥ te sarve eva bhrātaraḥ

41. “Oh, shame!” —thus, the king, Yudhishthira, greatly distressed, cried out loudly and, with upraised arms, remembering his mother, he wept aloud. All those brothers, led by Bhimasena, also followed suit.

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh! Alas! (expressing distress) (Oh! Ah! Alas!)

• धिक् (dhik) - Shame! Fie! (Shame! Fie! Woe! Cursed be!)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing a quote) (thus, so, in this manner, indicates conclusion or quotation)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Yudhishthira) (king, ruler)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the king's action) (but, yet, on the other hand, indeed)

• विक्रुश्य (vikruśya) - having cried out loudly (having cried out, having screamed)

• भृशदुःखितः (bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ) - greatly distressed (greatly distressed, very sad)

• ऊर्ध्वबाहुः (ūrdhvabāhuḥ) - with upraised arms (having raised arms, with uplifted hands)

• स्मरन् (smaran) - remembering (remembering, recalling)

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of his mother (of the mother, from the mother)

• प्ररुरोद (praruroda) - he wept aloud (he wept aloud, he cried out)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steadfast in battle'))

• भीमसेनपुरोगाः (bhīmasenapurogāḥ) - led by Bhimasena (having Bhimasena as leader, led by Bhimasena)

• च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

• भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - his brothers (brothers)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing) (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• ते (te) - those (brothers) (those, they)

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh! Alas! (expressing distress) (Oh! Ah! Alas!)

(indeclinable)

धिक् (dhik) - Shame! Fie! (Shame! Fie! Woe! Cursed be!)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus (introducing a quote) (thus, so, in this manner, indicates conclusion or quotation)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - the king (Yudhishthira) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the king's action) (but, yet, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

विक्रुश्य (vikruśya) - having cried out loudly (having cried out, having screamed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

formed from verbal root KRUŚ with prefix VI- and suffix -YA

Prefix: vi

Root: kruś (class 1)

भृशदुःखितः (bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ) - greatly distressed (greatly distressed, very sad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛśaduḥkhita

bhṛśaduḥkhita - greatly distressed, very sad

Compound of bhṛśa and duḥkhita

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, greatly, very
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root DUKH
  Root: dukh

ऊर्ध्वबाहुः (ūrdhvabāhuḥ) - with upraised arms (having raised arms, with uplifted hands)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ūrdhvabāhu

ūrdhvabāhu - having raised arms, with uplifted hands

Compound of ūrdhva and bāhu

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+bāhu)

• ūrdhva – upward, raised
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm, hand
  noun (masculine)

स्मरन् (smaran) - remembering (remembering, recalling)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smarant

smarant - remembering, recalling

Present Active Participle

from verbal root SMṚ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of his mother (of the mother, from the mother)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

प्ररुरोद (praruroda) - he wept aloud (he wept aloud, he cried out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of rud

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, from verbal root RUD with prefix PRA-

Prefix: pra

Root: rud (class 2)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steadfast in battle'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, steadfast in battle

Compound meaning "firm in battle"

भीमसेनपुरोगाः (bhīmasenapurogāḥ) - led by Bhimasena (having Bhimasena as leader, led by Bhimasena)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmasenapuroga

bhīmasenapuroga - having Bhimasena as leader, led by Bhimasena

Compound of Bhimasena and puroga

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīmasena+puroga)

• bhīmasena – Bhimasena (name of Bhima)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puroga – going before, leading, leader
  adjective (masculine)
  from PURAS (before) + verbal root GA (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - his brothers (brothers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing) (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (brothers) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those