महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-45, verse-24

तमुवाच किलोद्विग्नः संजयो वदतां वरः ।
राजन्मृत्युरनिष्टोऽयं भविता ते वृथाग्निना ॥२४॥

24. tamuvāca kilodvignaḥ saṁjayo vadatāṁ varaḥ ,
rājanmṛtyuraniṣṭo'yaṁ bhavitā te vṛthāgninā.

24. tam uvāca kila udvignaḥ saṃjayaḥ vadatām varaḥ
rājan mṛtyuḥ aniṣṭaḥ ayam bhavitā te vṛthā agninā

24. kila udvignaḥ vadatām varaḥ saṃjayaḥ tam uvāca: "rājan,
ayam aniṣṭaḥ mṛtyuḥ te agninā vṛthā bhavitā.
"

24. To him, the agitated Saṃjaya, who was the best of speakers, replied: 'O King, this undesirable death, caused by fire, will befall you in vain.'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (the king) (to him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• किल (kila) - it is said, indeed, reputedly

• उद्विग्नः (udvignaḥ) - agitated, disturbed, anxious

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who speak, of speakers

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• अनिष्टः (aniṣṭaḥ) - undesirable, unwelcome, bad

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• भविता (bhavitā) - will be, will happen

• ते (te) - yours (will befall you) (your, to you)

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (the king) (to him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किल (kila) - it is said, indeed, reputedly

(indeclinable)

उद्विग्नः (udvignaḥ) - agitated, disturbed, anxious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udvigna

udvigna - agitated, disturbed, anxious, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vij (to tremble, be agitated) with the prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and bard)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who speak, of speakers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, speaker

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, choice

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, Yama (the god of death)

अनिष्टः (aniṣṭaḥ) - undesirable, unwelcome, bad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesirable, unwelcome, bad, unpleasant

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative compound of 'a' (not) and 'iṣṭa' (desired), where 'iṣṭa' is from √iṣ (to wish, desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+iṣṭa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
• iṣṭa – desired, wished, liked, agreeable, beloved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √iṣ (to wish, desire)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

भविता (bhavitā) - will be, will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, periphrastic future (luṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - yours (will befall you) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can also be dative. Here, 'will befall you'.

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire (Agni), sacrificial fire